Center for Patient-Centered Interventions, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Nursing, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Public Health Nurs. 2010 Nov-Dec;27(6):528-36. doi: 10.1111/j.1525-1446.2010.00893.x. Epub 2010 Oct 6.
Rural populations and individuals with low incomes are less likely than the general population to achieve recommended levels of physical activity and fruit and vegetable consumption. The purpose of this study was to describe the perspectives of low-income adults in 2 rural Wisconsin counties on the factors that influence physical activity and healthy eating.
A qualitative descriptive study was conducted using 4 focus groups: 2 in English and 2 in Spanish. A convenience sample (N=20) was recruited.
Focus group questions and data analysis were based on an ecological framework. A team of 3 researchers performed content analysis of focus group transcripts.
Participants reported individual, social, and community influences on health behaviors. Individual barriers included lack of motivation and lack of knowledge. Participants described the importance of family, friends, and the community social climate for health behaviors. Latinos emphasized the need for resources such as community gardens and public spaces for physical activity, while non-Latinos recommended community education related to healthy eating.
The results suggest that relevant health promotion strategies in rural, low-income populations include multilevel approaches, the development of schools as health promotion resources, and strategies to build social connections among community residents.
农村人口和低收入人群比一般人群更不可能达到推荐的身体活动和水果及蔬菜摄入量水平。本研究的目的是描述威斯康星州 2 个农村县的低收入成年人对影响身体活动和健康饮食的因素的看法。
采用定性描述性研究，使用 4 个焦点小组：2 个英语小组和 2 个西班牙语小组。采用便利抽样（N=20）招募参与者。
焦点小组问题和数据分析基于生态框架。一个由 3 名研究人员组成的团队对焦点小组转录本进行了内容分析。
参与者报告了个人、社会和社区对健康行为的影响。个人障碍包括缺乏动力和缺乏知识。参与者描述了家庭、朋友和社区社会氛围对健康行为的重要性。拉丁裔强调需要社区花园和公共空间等资源来进行身体活动，而非拉丁裔则建议开展与健康饮食相关的社区教育。
研究结果表明，农村低收入人群的相关健康促进策略包括多层次方法、将学校发展为健康促进资源，以及建立社区居民之间社会联系的策略。
