West China Hospital of Stomatology, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of the Ministry of Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Int Endod J. 2011 Feb;44(2):162-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2010.01826.x. Epub 2010 Nov 22.
AIM: To investigate variations in root canal configuration in the maxillary permanent molar teeth of a Chinese subpopulation using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). METHODOLOGY: A total of 269 patients with healthy, untreated, well-developed maxillary molars were enrolled, including those suffering facial trauma, and those who required a pre-operative assessment for implants. Radiographic examination by CBCT was conducted as part of their routine examination, diagnosis and treatment planning. Overall, 299 maxillary first and 210 maxillary second molar teeth were examined in vivo by CBCT. The number of roots, the number of canals per root, the canal configuration and the presence of additional mesiobuccal canals were recorded. Vertucci's classification for root-canal configurations was utilized. RESULTS: All maxillary first molars had three separate roots; however, 52% of mesiobuccal (MB) roots had two canals with the remainder having one. All distobuccal and palatal roots had Vertucci Type I canal configurations. When the MB2 canal was present, 14, 69 and 16% of MB roots had Type II, IV and V canal configurations, respectively. The root canal system of the maxillary first molar teeth could be categorized into two variants: one with three separate roots with one canal in each of the distobuccal and palatal roots and two canals in the MB root, and the other with three separate roots with one canal in each root. Of 210 maxillary second molars, 10% had one root, 8% two roots and 81% three roots. Of the MB roots, 22% had two canals with the remainder having one. When the MB2 canal was present, 18%, 58%, 10% and 3% of MB roots had type II, IV, V and VI canal configurations, respectively. The root canal system of the maxillary second molar could be categorized into eight variants. CONCLUSIONS: Mesiobucccal roots of maxillary molar teeth had more variation in their canal system than the distobuccal or palatal roots. The root canal configuration of the maxillary second molars was more variable than that of the first molars. CBCT can enhance detection and mapping of the mesiobuccal root-canal system with the potential to improve the quality of root canal treatment.
目的：使用锥形束 CT（CBCT）研究中国人群上颌恒磨牙根管形态的变化。
方法：共纳入 269 名患有面部创伤的健康、未经治疗、发育良好的上颌磨牙患者，以及需要进行术前评估以植入物的患者。作为其常规检查、诊断和治疗计划的一部分，对患者进行 CBCT 放射检查。总共对 299 颗上颌第一磨牙和 210 颗上颌第二磨牙进行了体内 CBCT 检查。记录了根的数量、每个根的根管数量、根管形态和额外近中颊根管的存在。采用 Vertucci 根管形态分类法。
结果：所有上颌第一磨牙均有 3 个独立的根，但 52%的近中颊根（MB）有 2 个根管，其余的有 1 个根管。所有远中颊根和腭根均为 Vertucci Ⅰ型根管形态。当 MB2 根管存在时，MB 根的 14%、69%和 16%分别具有Ⅱ型、Ⅳ型和Ⅴ型根管形态。上颌第一磨牙的根管系统可分为两种变体：一种是 3 个独立的根，每个远中颊根和腭根有 1 个根管，MB 根有 2 个根管；另一种是 3 个独立的根，每个根有 1 个根管。210 颗上颌第二磨牙中，10%有 1 个根，8%有 2 个根，81%有 3 个根。MB 根中，22%有 2 个根管，其余的有 1 个根管。当 MB2 根管存在时，MB 根的 18%、58%、10%和 3%分别具有Ⅱ型、Ⅳ型、Ⅴ型和Ⅵ型根管形态。上颌第二磨牙的根管系统可分为 8 种变体。
结论：上颌磨牙的近中颊根根管系统比远中颊根或腭根的变异更大。上颌第二磨牙的根管形态比第一磨牙更具变异性。CBCT 可以增强对近中颊根根管系统的检测和定位，有可能提高根管治疗的质量。
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