Medical Faculty in Hradec Kralove, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
J Fish Dis. 2010 Dec;33(12):947-55. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2761.2010.01202.x.
Mycobacteriosis in fish is a chronic progressive ubiquitous disease caused by Mycobacterium marinum, M. gordonae and M. fortuitum in most cases. The aim of this study was to describe the morphology and distribution of lesions in 322 freshwater ornamental fish across 36 species. Granulomatous inflammation was diagnosed by gross examination and histopathology testing in 188 fish (58.4%); acid-fast rods (AFR) were determined in only 96 (51.1%) fish from 19 species after Ziehl-Neelsen staining. The most often affected organs with AFR were the kidney (81.2%), digestive tract (54.1%), liver (48.2%), spleen (45.9%) and skin (21.2%); sporadically, AFR were found in the branchiae (9.4%) and gonads (4.7%). In 14 randomly selected fish originating from four different fish tanks, the distribution of mycobacterial infection was studied by culture examination of the skin, gills, muscle tissue, digestive tract, liver, spleen and kidney. In 12 fish, the species M. marinum, M. gordonae, M. fortuitum, M. triviale, and M. avium subsp. hominissuis (serotypes 6 and 8 and genotype IS901- and IS1245+) were detected; mixed infection caused by different mycobacterial species was documented in five of them.
鱼类分枝杆菌病是一种慢性进行性全身性疾病，由海分枝杆菌、戈登分枝杆菌和偶然分枝杆菌在大多数情况下引起。本研究旨在描述 36 个品种的 322 条淡水观赏鱼的病变形态和分布。188 条鱼（58.4%）通过肉眼检查和组织病理学检测诊断为肉芽肿性炎症；19 个品种的 96 条鱼（51.1%）经 Ziehl-Neelsen 染色后仅确定存在抗酸杆菌。受抗酸杆菌影响最严重的器官是肾脏（81.2%）、消化道（54.1%）、肝脏（48.2%）、脾脏（45.9%）和皮肤（21.2%）；偶尔，鳃（9.4%）和性腺（4.7%）也会发现抗酸杆菌。在从四个不同鱼缸中随机选择的 14 条鱼中，通过皮肤、鳃、肌肉组织、消化道、肝脏、脾脏和肾脏的培养检查研究了分枝杆菌感染的分布。在 12 条鱼中检测到海分枝杆菌、戈登分枝杆菌、偶然分枝杆菌、马红球菌和禽分枝杆菌亚种。人类免疫缺陷病毒（血清型 6 和 8 以及基因型 IS901 和 IS1245+）；其中 5 条鱼存在不同分枝杆菌种的混合感染。
