Delghandi Mohammad Reza, El-Matbouli Mansour, Menanteau-Ledouble Simon
Clinical Division of Fish Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria.
Microorganisms. 2020 Sep 7;8(9):1368. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms8091368.
The constitute a family of varied Gram-positive organisms that include a large number of pathogenic bacteria. Among these, non-tuberculous mycobacteria are endemic worldwide and have been associated with infections in a large number of organisms, including humans and other mammals and reptiles, as well as fish. In this review, we summarize the most recent findings regarding this group of pathogens in fish. There, four species are most commonly associated with disease outbreaks: the most common of these fish mycobacterial pathogens, , , and . These bacteria have a broad host range: they are zoonotic, and infections have been reported in a large number of fish species. The main route of entry of the bacterium into the fish is through the gastrointestinal route, and the disease is associated with ulcerative dermatitis as well as organomegaly and the development of granulomatous lesions in the internal organs. are slow-growing and fastidious and isolation is difficult and time consuming and diagnostic is mostly performed using serological and molecular tools. Control of the disease is also difficult: there is currently no effective vaccine and infections react poorly to antibiotherapy. For this reason, more research is needed on the subject of these vexing pathogens.
它们构成了一个多样的革兰氏阳性菌家族，其中包括大量病原菌。其中，非结核分枝杆菌在全球范围内均有分布，并与包括人类、其他哺乳动物、爬行动物以及鱼类在内的大量生物的感染有关。在本综述中，我们总结了有关鱼类中这组病原体的最新研究结果。在鱼类中，有四种物种最常与疾病暴发相关：其中最常见的鱼类分枝杆菌病原体为[具体物种1]、[具体物种2]、[具体物种3]和[具体物种4]。这些细菌宿主范围广泛：它们是人畜共患病原体，已有大量鱼类物种感染的报道。细菌进入鱼类的主要途径是通过胃肠道途径，该疾病与溃疡性皮炎以及器官肿大和内脏肉芽肿性病变的发展有关。[具体物种]生长缓慢且苛求，分离困难且耗时，诊断大多使用血清学和分子工具进行。疾病控制也很困难：目前没有有效的疫苗，感染对抗生素治疗反应不佳。因此，对于这些棘手的病原体需要开展更多研究。
