Fox Mary Kay, Condon Elizabeth, Briefel Ronette R, Reidy Kathleen C, Deming Denise M
Mathematica Policy Research, 955 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
J Am Diet Assoc. 2010 Dec;110(12 Suppl):S52-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jada.2010.09.002.
To describe the food consumption patterns of US children aged 2 and 3 years.
Descriptive analysis of data collected in the Feeding Infants and Toddlers Study 2008 based on a single 24-hour dietary recall collected by telephone.
A national random sample of children aged 2 and 3 years (n=1,461).
The percentage of children consuming foods from specific food groups was estimated for the full sample of children aged 2 and 3 years and separately by year of age.
About a third of 2-year-olds and a quarter of 3-year-olds consumed whole milk at least once in a day. About 70% of 2- and 3-year-olds consumed vegetables as a distinct food item at least once in day. French fries and other fried potatoes were the most commonly consumed vegetable. Almost three quarters of children (73%) consumed fruit as a distinct food item at least once in a day, and 59% consumed 100% juice. Fresh fruit was the most commonly consumed type of fruit. About 85% of children consumed some type of sweetened beverage, dessert, sweet, or salty snack in a day. Percentages of children consuming such foods were consistently higher for 3-year-olds than for 2-year-olds.
Parents and caregivers should be encouraged to expose young children to a wide variety of fruits and vegetables, whole grains, low-fat dairy products, and healthier fats, and to limit consumption of low-nutrient, energy-dense foods and beverages. Dietary guidance should stress the fact that children in this age group have high nutrient needs and relatively low energy requirements, leaving little room for such foods. Parents need advice that is specific, practical, and actionable.
描述美国2岁和3岁儿童的食物消费模式。
基于2008年婴幼儿喂养研究通过电话收集的单次24小时饮食回忆数据进行描述性分析。
2岁和3岁儿童的全国随机样本（n = 1461）。
估计了2岁和3岁儿童全样本以及按年龄分别食用特定食物组食物的儿童百分比。
约三分之一的2岁儿童和四分之一的3岁儿童每天至少饮用一次全脂牛奶。约70%的2岁和3岁儿童每天至少食用一次作为单独食物的蔬菜。薯条和其他油炸土豆是最常食用的蔬菜。近四分之三的儿童（73%）每天至少食用一次作为单独食物的水果，59%的儿童饮用100%果汁。新鲜水果是最常食用的水果类型。约85%的儿童在一天中食用了某种类型的甜味饮料、甜点、糖果或咸味零食。3岁儿童食用此类食物的百分比始终高于2岁儿童。
应鼓励家长和照顾者让幼儿接触各种水果、蔬菜、全谷物、低脂乳制品和更健康的脂肪，并限制低营养、高能量食物和饮料的消费。饮食指导应强调该年龄组儿童营养需求高而能量需求相对较低，此类食物的空间很小这一事实。家长需要具体、实用且可行的建议。
