Bhattacharyya Indraneel, Chehal Hardeep K
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diagnostic Sciences, Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2011 Feb;44(1):109-31, vi. doi: 10.1016/j.otc.2010.09.009.
Increased thickness of the epithelium imparts a white appearance to the oral mucosa by increasing the distance to the underlying blood vessels. Usually this thickening is a result of the increased formation of keratin. Some other less common causes of white lesions are acanthosis or a thickening of the spinous cell layer, edema of the epithelium, or increased fibrosis of the connective tissue thereby reducing blood vessels. Occasionally the surface of an ulcer may appear white, due to collection of fibrin on the surface. In this article the authors discuss white lesions based on putative etiology, that is, hereditary, reactive, inflammation related, immunologic, traumatic, infection related, and idiopathic.
上皮增厚会增加与下方血管的距离，从而使口腔黏膜呈现白色外观。通常这种增厚是角质形成增加的结果。白色病变的其他一些较不常见的原因包括棘层增厚或棘状细胞层增厚、上皮水肿或结缔组织纤维化增加从而减少血管。偶尔，溃疡表面可能因表面有纤维蛋白聚集而呈现白色。在本文中，作者根据假定的病因对白色病变进行了讨论，即遗传性、反应性、炎症相关性、免疫性、创伤性、感染相关性和特发性。
