Godat L, Ravussin P A, Chiolero R, Bayer-Berger M, Freeman J
Service d'Anesthésiologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Suisse.
Ann Fr Anesth Reanim. 1990;9(1):6-10. doi: 10.1016/s0750-7658(05)80029-2.
Motor and sensory function must be assessed during surgery of scoliosis so as to avoid possible damage to the spinal cord. The intraoperative awakening by a specific benzodiazepine antagonist, flumazenil, was studied prospectively in 20 patients (mean age 17 years) undergoing surgery for severe scoliosis. Premedication consisted in 0.02 mg.kg-1 atropine and 0.15 mg.kg-1 midazolam. Anaesthesia was induced with a mean dose of 0.42 +/- 0.1 mg.kg-1 midazolam, 1.6 +/- 0.6 micrograms.kg-1 fentanyl and 0.1 mg.kg-1 pancuronium. Maintenance was obtained with a continuous infusion of 0.22 +/- 0.1 mg.kg-1.h-1 midazolam, 66% nitrous oxide in oxygen, and fentanyl (1.6 +/- 0.5 micrograms.kg-1.h-1). Nitrous oxide and midazolam were respectively stopped 10 and 1 min before giving the antagonist (5 micrograms.kg-1 flumazenil) if required (17 out of the 20 patients). Eye opening occurred a mean 42 +/- 32 s after giving the antagonist. At this time, there was a significant increase in mean arterial blood pressure (+ 11 mmHg) and heart rate (+ 7 b.min-1). Thiopentone, 66% nitrous oxide in oxygen and 0.5% halothane were given to re-induce and maintain anaesthesia for completion of the procedure. The day following surgery, 19 patients were unable to remember the period of intraoperative awakening. One patient, although remembering the episode, did not experience any pain or any other disagreement in relation to it. Two patients were given a second dose of flumazenil at extubation so as to improve the quality of their recovery.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
在脊柱侧弯手术过程中必须评估运动和感觉功能,以避免对脊髓造成可能的损伤。前瞻性研究了20例(平均年龄17岁)接受严重脊柱侧弯手术患者术中使用特异性苯二氮䓬拮抗剂氟马西尼唤醒的情况。术前用药为0.02mg/kg阿托品和0.15mg/kg咪达唑仑。麻醉诱导平均剂量为0.42±0.1mg/kg咪达唑仑、1.6±0.6μg/kg芬太尼和0.1mg/kg潘库溴铵。维持麻醉采用持续输注0.22±0.1mg/kg·h-1咪达唑仑、66%氧化亚氮-氧气混合气体和芬太尼(1.6±0.5μg/kg·h-1)。如有需要(20例患者中的17例),在给予拮抗剂(5μg/kg氟马西尼)前10分钟和1分钟分别停用氧化亚氮和咪达唑仑。给予拮抗剂后平均42±32秒出现睁眼。此时,平均动脉血压显著升高(+11mmHg),心率显著加快(+7次/分钟)。给予硫喷妥钠、66%氧化亚氮-氧气混合气体和0.5%氟烷重新诱导和维持麻醉以完成手术。术后第1天,19例患者无法回忆起术中唤醒期。1例患者虽记得该事件,但未感到任何疼痛或其他不适。2例患者在拔管时给予第二剂氟马西尼以改善恢复质量。(摘要截短至250字)