Neff G, Plaue R, Aulbach D
Handchirurgie. 1978;10(1):21-30.
101 cases of syndactyly in 34 male and 14 female infants who were aged three months to seven years at the time of their initial surgery were reviewed one to 9.5 years thereafter. The web space was formed by a palmar and a dorsal flap; in 50% of all commissures the result was found satisfactory in the follow-up series. Straight incision - performed in two thirds of our cases - caused scar contractures and deformities of several fingers. In contrary, zig-zag or wavy incisions showed good results. Using almost exclusively full thickness skin grafts from the arm, the donor site looked poor because of non-cosmetic scares and keloids. After surgery two thirds of all patients used a special splint for finger abduction for an average of about one year; neither an amelioration of insufficient primary surgery was achieved nor reappearance of syndactylism could be avoided by this device. The mobility of joints was partially decreased regardless of the pre-operative condition. Combined functions in grasping, however, were not restricted to a considerable degree. There was no difference between cutaneous and osseous syndactylism with respect to the abduction ability. Even slight impairment of wound healing caused reappearance of syndactylism; reseparation of fingers was necessary 32 times during a ten year period of follow-up. Scar contractures - especially after necrosis of skin grafts and deep infections - required early correction, while slowly developing secondary webs had to be separated some years later. Disturbance of wound healing must, therefore, be treated adequately, or better should be avoided by precise surgery and careful management of postoperative dressing.
对101例并指患儿进行了回顾性研究,这些患儿初次手术时年龄在3个月至7岁之间,其中男性34例,女性14例。初次手术后1至9.5年进行随访。采用掌侧和背侧皮瓣形成指蹼间隙;在所有联合处中,50%在随访系列中结果令人满意。三分之二的病例采用直线切口,导致多个手指出现瘢痕挛缩和畸形。相反,锯齿状或波浪状切口效果良好。几乎完全使用取自上臂的全厚皮片,由于不美观的瘢痕和瘢痕疙瘩,供区外观不佳。术后三分之二的患者平均使用特殊的手指外展夹板约一年;该装置既未能改善初次手术效果不佳的情况,也无法避免并指复发。无论术前情况如何,关节活动度均有部分下降。然而,抓握的联合功能并未受到很大限制。皮肤并指和骨性并指在外展能力方面没有差异。即使伤口愈合稍有受损也会导致并指复发;在十年的随访期间,有32次需要再次分离手指。瘢痕挛缩——尤其是在皮肤移植坏死和深部感染后——需要早期矫正,而缓慢形成的继发性指蹼间隙则需要在几年后进行分离。因此,必须充分治疗伤口愈合障碍,或者更好的做法是通过精确的手术和精心管理术后敷料来避免这种情况。