The Sperm Laboratory, Institute of Cell Biology and Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, 388 Yu Hang Tang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China.
Mol Biol Rep. 2011 Aug;38(6):3993-4001. doi: 10.1007/s11033-010-0517-0. Epub 2010 Nov 24.
Spermatogenesis is a transitionary process in which the diploid spermatogonia transform into haploid mature spermatozoa. Actin and myosin have been implicated in various aspects during spermatogenesis. Actin is present in the form of monomer, oligomer and polymer within cells, the latter is called microfilament. There are five actin-containing structures during spermatogenesis, i.e., ectoplasmic specialization, acroplaxome, manchette in mammals, actin cones in Drosophila and acroframosome in Caridean shrimp. They are involved in the shaping and differentiating of spermatids. Along with spermatogenesis, the actin cytoskeletons show active remodeling in this process. Some actin binding or actin regulated proteins have been demonstrated to regulate dynamic changes of the actin-containing structures. Myosin, actin-dependent molecular motor, plays an important role during spermatogenesis, such as involving in acrosome biogenesis, vesicle transport, gene transcription and nuclear shaping. The actin cytoskeleton and actin binding/regulated proteins cooperate to facilitate spermatogenesis. In this review, we summarize the existing knowledge about the cytoskeletal structures consisting of actin, actin binding/regulated proteins and myosin during spermatogenesis.
精子发生是一个从二倍体精原细胞向单倍体成熟精子转变的过程。肌动蛋白和肌球蛋白在精子发生的各个方面都有涉及。肌动蛋白以单体、寡聚体和聚合物的形式存在于细胞内，后者称为微丝。在精子发生过程中有五种含有肌动蛋白的结构，即胞质特化、顶体板、哺乳动物中的顶体环、果蝇中的肌动蛋白锥体和对虾中的顶体棘。它们参与精子细胞的形成和分化。随着精子发生，肌动蛋白细胞骨架在这个过程中表现出活跃的重塑。已经证明一些肌动蛋白结合或肌动蛋白调节蛋白可以调节含有肌动蛋白的结构的动态变化。肌球蛋白，肌动蛋白依赖的分子马达，在精子发生中起着重要的作用，如参与顶体生物发生、囊泡运输、基因转录和核成型。肌动蛋白细胞骨架和肌动蛋白结合/调节蛋白相互协作，促进精子发生。在这篇综述中，我们总结了关于精子发生过程中由肌动蛋白、肌动蛋白结合/调节蛋白和肌球蛋白组成的细胞骨架结构的现有知识。
Zotero 插件