Texier G, Buisson Y
Département d'épidémiologie et de santé publique, institut de médecine tropicale, Marseille, France.
Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique. 2010 Dec;58(6):425-33. doi: 10.1016/j.respe.2010.06.169. Epub 2010 Nov 25.
Bioterrorist threats and the emergence of new infectious pathogens force structures and means dedicated to outbreaks detection to evolve. Obtaining early information is becoming a major stake. Development of early warning system and new epidemiological tools open new perspectives in real time management of outbreaks.
Through several examples, this overview presents a synthesis and reports the recent multidisciplinary evolutions, which occurred in the field of outbreak detection and information useful for outbreaks anticipation.
Outbreak detection is a multidisciplinary activity which relies on many protean epidemiologic sensors. Detection should not be perceived as a finality, but as a crucial step of a broader process in outbreak management (detection, alarm, alert, acceptability, implementation of countermeasures or not). That is why the evaluation of a monitoring system should not be limited to only its ability to detect an aberration. Today, progress in biology, modeling, remote sensing and environmental detection allow model development with anticipation aiming.
生物恐怖主义威胁以及新的传染性病原体的出现促使致力于疫情检测的结构和手段不断演变。获取早期信息正成为一项重大挑战。早期预警系统和新的流行病学工具的发展为疫情的实时管理开辟了新的前景。
通过几个例子，本综述进行了综合，并报告了在疫情检测领域以及对疫情预测有用的信息方面最近发生的多学科演变。
疫情检测是一项多学科活动，它依赖于许多变化多样的流行病学传感器。检测不应被视为最终目的，而应被视为疫情管理更广泛过程中的关键一步（检测、警报、预警、可接受性、是否实施对策）。这就是为什么对监测系统的评估不应仅限于其检测异常情况的能力。如今，生物学、建模、遥感和环境检测方面的进展使得能够开发具有预测目标的模型。
