Department of Epidemiology and Community Health, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
Int J Med Inform. 2011 Jan;80(1):39-46. doi: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2010.10.018. Epub 2010 Nov 26.
Recent studies have demonstrated that e-prescribing takes longer than handwriting. Additional studies documenting the perceived efficiencies realized from e-prescribing from those who have implemented electronic prescribing are warranted.
We used a mixed method study design. We report on qualitative date from 64 focus groups with clinicians and office staff from six US states. Participants used one of six e-prescribing software packages. Qualitative data from the focus groups (276 participants) were coded and analyzed using NVivo software. Quantitative data regarding perceived efficiencies were extracted from a survey of 157 clinicians using e-prescribing.
Perceptions of e-prescribing included 64% reporting e-prescribing as very efficient. The next closest method was computer generated fax and prescriptions in which ∼25% rated the method as very efficient. Improvements in workflow and record keeping were noted. Perceived efficiencies were realized by decreased errors, availability of formularies at the point of prescribing and refill processing. Perceived inefficiencies noted included the need for dual systems owing to regulations preventing e-prescribing of scheduled medications as well as those introduced with incorrect information on formularies, pharmacy used, and warnings.
Overwhelmingly, clinicians and their staff confirmed the perceived efficiencies realized with the adoption of e-prescribing. Perceived efficiencies were realized in knowing formularies, processing refills, and decreasing errors. Opportunities to improve efficiencies could be realized by assuring correct information in the system.
最近的研究表明，电子处方的开具时间长于手写处方。有必要开展更多研究，记录已实施电子处方的人群所感知到的效率提升。
我们采用混合方法研究设计。报告来自美国六个州的 64 次临床医生和办公室工作人员焦点小组的定性数据。参与者使用六种电子处方软件包中的一种。使用 NVivo 软件对来自焦点小组（276 名参与者）的定性数据进行编码和分析。使用电子处方的 157 名临床医生的调查中提取了关于感知效率的数据。
对电子处方的看法包括 64%的人认为电子处方非常有效。下一个最接近的方法是计算机生成的传真和处方，其中约 25%的人认为该方法非常有效。注意到工作流程和记录保存得到了改善。通过减少错误、在处方开具时提供处方集以及处理续方来实现感知效率。注意到的效率低下包括由于法规禁止电子处方开处管制药物以及处方集、药房使用和警告方面的错误信息而需要使用双重系统。
临床医生及其工作人员普遍证实了采用电子处方所带来的感知效率提升。在了解处方集、处理续方和减少错误方面实现了感知效率。通过确保系统中信息正确，可以提高效率。
