Injury Control Research Center, West Virginia University, PO Box 9151, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.
J Community Health. 2011 Aug;36(4):574-82. doi: 10.1007/s10900-010-9343-5.
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and unemployment has a strong documented impact on injury mortality. The aim of our study is to investigate the relationship of GDP per capita and unemployment with gender- and cause-specific injury mortalities in the member nations of Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). Country-based data on injury mortality per 100,000 population, including males and females aged 1-74, for the 4 year period 1996-1999, were gathered from the World Health Organization's Statistical Information System. We selected fourteen cause-specific injury mortalities. Data on GDP, unemployment rate and population growth were taken from World Development Indicators. GDP and unemployment rate per 100 separately were regressed on total and cause-specific injury mortality rate per 100,000 for males and females. Overall in the OECD countries, GDP per capita increased 12.5% during 1996-1999 (P = 0.03) where as unemployment rate decreased by 12.3% (P = 0.05). Among males, most cause-specific injury mortality rates decreased with increasing GDP except motor vehicle traffic crashes (MTC) that increased with increasing GDP (coefficient = 0.75; P < 0.001). Similar trend was found in females, except suicidal injury mortalities that also increased with increasing GDP (coefficient = 0.31; P = 0.04). When we modeled cause-specific injury mortality rates with unemployment, injuries due to firearm missiles (coefficient = 0.53; P < 0.001), homicide (coefficient = 0.36; P < 0.001), and other violence (coefficient = 0.41; P < 0.001) increased with increase in unemployment rate among males. However, among females only accidental falls (coefficient = 0.36; P = 0.01) were found significantly associated with increasing unemployment rate. GDP is more related to cause-specific injury mortality than unemployment. Injury mortality does not relate similarly to each diagnosis-specific cause among males and females. Further research on causation with more predictors is needed.
国内生产总值（GDP）和失业率与伤害死亡率有很强的文献记录关联。我们研究的目的是调查人均 GDP 和失业率与经济合作与发展组织（OECD）成员国性别和病因特异性伤害死亡率之间的关系。从世界卫生组织的统计信息系统中收集了 1996 年至 1999 年 4 年期间每 10 万人中男性和女性的伤害死亡率的国家数据，包括 1-74 岁的男性和女性。我们选择了 14 种病因特异性伤害死亡率。人均国内生产总值（GDP）、失业率和人口增长率的数据取自世界发展指标。将人均 GDP 和失业率分别回归男性和女性每 10 万人的总伤害死亡率和病因特异性伤害死亡率。在 OECD 国家，1996 年至 1999 年期间人均 GDP 增长了 12.5%（P=0.03），而失业率下降了 12.3%（P=0.05）。在男性中，除了与 GDP 呈正相关的机动车交通碰撞（MTC）外，大多数病因特异性伤害死亡率都随着 GDP 的增加而降低（系数=0.75；P<0.001）。在女性中也发现了类似的趋势，除了自杀伤害死亡率也随着 GDP 的增加而增加（系数=0.31；P=0.04）。当我们用失业率来构建病因特异性伤害死亡率模型时，发现男性中与枪支弹药有关的伤害（系数=0.53；P<0.001）、凶杀（系数=0.36；P<0.001）和其他暴力（系数=0.41；P<0.001）的伤害死亡率随着失业率的增加而增加。然而，在女性中，只有意外跌倒（系数=0.36；P=0.01）与失业率的增加显著相关。与失业率相比，GDP 与病因特异性伤害死亡率的关系更密切。伤害死亡率与男性和女性中每个特定诊断原因的关系并不相同。需要进一步研究更多预测因素的因果关系。
