Mannheim Institute of Public Health, Social and Preventive Medicine, University Medicine Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
Prev Med. 2011 Feb;52(2):126-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2010.11.014. Epub 2010 Dec 1.
To investigate variables associated with objectively measured moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in German preschool children.
Cross-sectional data was collected from 649 three to six year old children (51% boys) in 52 preschools in south Germany between autumn and spring 2008-2009. Sociodemographic, health and socio-cultural variables that could affect children's objectively measured MVPA minutes, averaged over two to four week and weekend days, were tested in bivariate and multivariate linear regression models.
MVPA was significantly associated with the extrinsic variables age (-4.52 min/year of age), health status (5.62 min/category), high TV time (9.22 min/category) and high parental PA (6.59 min/category) among girls. For boys, only the intrinsic variable desire to be active (5.19 min/category) was significantly, positively associated with MVPA. The final models for girls and boys explained approximately 10% and 7% of the variance, respectively, in children's MVPA.
We found differences by sex in variables associated with objectively measured MVPA in preschoolers. A focus on extrinsic motivators such as parental PA for girls and intrinsic motivators for boys may be an important consideration when designing interventions and PA programs for this age group.
研究与德国学龄前儿童中客观测量的中等到剧烈身体活动（MVPA）相关的变量。
2008-2009 年秋季至春季期间，在德国南部的 52 所幼儿园中，收集了 649 名 3 至 6 岁儿童（51%为男孩）的横断面数据。在双变量和多变量线性回归模型中，测试了可能影响儿童客观测量的 MVPA 分钟数（平均 2 至 4 周和周末天数）的社会人口统计学、健康和社会文化变量。
MVPA 与女孩的外在变量年龄（-4.52 分钟/年）、健康状况（5.62 分钟/类别）、高电视时间（9.22 分钟/类别）和高父母 PA（6.59 分钟/类别）显著相关。对于男孩，只有内在变量积极活动的愿望（5.19 分钟/类别）与 MVPA 呈显著正相关。女孩和男孩的最终模型分别解释了儿童 MVPA 方差的约 10%和 7%。
我们发现，在与学龄前儿童中客观测量的 MVPA 相关的变量方面，性别存在差异。对于女孩，关注父母 PA 等外在激励因素，对于男孩，关注内在激励因素，可能是为该年龄组设计干预措施和 PA 计划时的一个重要考虑因素。
