Brain and Mind Research Institute, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, 100 Mallett St., Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia.
Prog Neurobiol. 2011 Feb;93(2):231-43. doi: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2010.11.003. Epub 2010 Dec 2.
Rapid technological advances over the past decade have moved us closer to a high throughput molecular approach to neurobiology, where we see the merging of neurogenetics, genomics, physiology, imaging and pharmacology. This is the case more in zebrafish than in any other model organism commonly used. Recent improvements in the generation of transgenic zebrafish now allow genetic manipulation and live imaging of neuronal development and function in early embryonic, larval, and adult animals. The sequenced zebrafish genome and comparative genomics give unprecedented insights into genome evolution and its relation to genome structure and function. There is now information on embryonic and larval expression of over 12,000 genes and just under 1000 mutant phenotypes. We review the remarkable similarity of the zebrafish genetic blueprint for the nervous system to that of mammals and assess recent technological advances that make the zebrafish a model of choice for elucidating the development and function of neuronal circuitry, transgene-based neuroanatomy, and small molecule neuropharmacology.
在过去的十年中，快速的技术进步使我们更接近高通量的分子神经生物学方法，在这种方法中，我们看到了神经遗传学、基因组学、生理学、成像和药理学的融合。在其他常用的模式生物中，这种情况在斑马鱼中更为明显。最近在转基因斑马鱼的生成方面的改进，现在允许对神经元发育和功能进行遗传操作和活体成像，无论是在早期胚胎、幼虫还是成年动物中。测序的斑马鱼基因组和比较基因组学为基因组进化及其与基因组结构和功能的关系提供了前所未有的见解。现在已经有超过 12000 个基因的胚胎和幼虫表达信息，以及近 1000 种突变表型。我们回顾了斑马鱼神经系统的遗传蓝图与哺乳动物的惊人相似性，并评估了最近的技术进步，这些进步使斑马鱼成为阐明神经元回路的发育和功能、基于转基因的神经解剖学和小分子神经药理学的首选模型。
