Medical Clinic III, Carl Gustav Carus University Medical School, Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany.
Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2011 Apr 10;336(1-2):141-8. doi: 10.1016/j.mce.2010.11.028. Epub 2010 Dec 2.
Dehydroepiandrosterone producing adrenocortical zona reticularis and the adrenal medulla are in direct contact and are highly intermingled in many species. This results in potentially strong paracrine influences of high local dehydroepiandrosterone concentrations on the adrenal medulla. Dehydroepiandrosterone has neuroprotective properties and increases neural stem cell proliferation and neurogenesis. Therefore, we aimed to establish its effects on chromaffin progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation. Previously, we successfully isolated chromaffin progenitors from bovine adrenal medulla in spherical cultures, so-called chromospheres. Seven days treatment of chromospheres with dehydroepiandrosterone at high concentrations (100 μM) hampered proliferation of chromaffin progenitors. Under differentiation conditions, dehydroepiandrosterone in the presence of retinoic acid, increased tyrosine hydroxylase and decreased dopamine-β-hydroxylase mRNA expression. In addition, there was a tendency to increase dopamine contents. Dehydroepiandrosterone/retinoic acid is therefore suggested to induce dopaminergic differentiation from chromaffin progenitor cells. Furthermore, the high dehydroepiandrosterone concentrations present in the fetal and adult adrenal may play an important role in adrenomedullary cell proliferation and differentiation.
产生脱氢表雄酮的肾上腺皮质网状带和肾上腺髓质直接接触，并在许多物种中高度混合。这导致高局部浓度的脱氢表雄酮对肾上腺髓质可能产生强烈的旁分泌影响。脱氢表雄酮具有神经保护特性，可增加神经干细胞增殖和神经发生。因此，我们旨在确定其对嗜铬祖细胞增殖和分化的影响。以前，我们成功地在球形培养物（所谓的球体）中从牛肾上腺髓质中分离出嗜铬祖细胞。7 天高浓度（100μM）的脱氢表雄酮处理会阻碍嗜铬祖细胞的增殖。在分化条件下，视黄酸存在时，脱氢表雄酮增加酪氨酸羟化酶并减少多巴胺-β-羟化酶 mRNA 的表达。此外，多巴胺含量有增加的趋势。因此，建议脱氢表雄酮/视黄酸诱导嗜铬祖细胞向多巴胺能分化。此外，胎儿和成人肾上腺中存在的高浓度脱氢表雄酮可能在肾上腺髓质细胞增殖和分化中发挥重要作用。
