Radiological characterisation of Artvin and Ardahan provinces of Turkey.

Indoor radon concentration measurements were carried out and corresponding annual effective doses due to exposure to indoor radon were determined in Artvin and Ardahan provinces located in the eastern part of Turkey. The measurements were performed for four seasons in order to determine the seasonal fluctuations mostly observed in indoor environments. Indoor radon concentration values were observed to range from 21 to 321 Bq m⁻³ for the Artvin province and from 53 to 736 Bq m⁻³ for the Ardahan province. It was observed that minimum indoor radon concentration values were obtained in summer, while the highest ones were observed in winter. Indoor radon concentration values of the current study were compared with those of other provinces in Turkey. As elevated indoor radon concentrations are mostly correlated with high ²³⁸U activity concentrations in soil, a total of 57 and 33 soil samples were collected from the Artvin and Ardahan provinces, respectively, to determine ²³⁸U activity concentration as well as the concentration of ²³²Th and ⁴⁰K--naturally occurring radionuclides. It was also observed that soil samples collected from the study areas contained ¹³⁷Cs as an artificial radionuclide.