Department of Psychiatry, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA.
Matern Child Health J. 2012 Jan;16(1):188-96. doi: 10.1007/s10995-010-0726-0.
This study assesses the relative fit of risk/protective and social ecological models of youth violence among predominantly Asian and Pacific Islander students. Data from a 2007 survey of two multi-ethnic high schools in Hawai'i were used. The survey assessed interpersonal youth violence, suicidality and risk and protective factors. Two models of youth violence (risk/protective and social ecological) were tested using structural equation modeling. We found good fits for the risk/protective model (χ(2) = 369.42, df = 77, P < .0001; CFI = .580; RMSEA = .066) and the ecological model (χ(2) = 1763.65, df = 292, P < .0001; CFI = .636; RMSEA = .076). The risk/protective model showed the importance of coping skills. However, the ecological model allowed examination of the interconnectivity among factors. Peer exposure to violence had no direct influence on individuals and peer influence was fully mediated by school climate. Furthermore, family factors directly contributed to peer exposure, community, and individual risk/protection. These findings have significant implications for intervention and prevention efforts and for the promotion of positive, competent, and healthy youth development. While few family and school-based programs have been developed and evaluated for adolescents, they have the greatest potential for success.
本研究评估了风险/保护和社会生态模型在主要为亚洲和太平洋岛民学生中的青年暴力的相对适用性。该研究使用了 2007 年在夏威夷的两所多族裔高中进行的调查数据。该调查评估了人际间的青年暴力、自杀意念以及风险和保护因素。使用结构方程模型测试了两种青年暴力模型（风险/保护和社会生态）。我们发现风险/保护模型（χ²=369.42，df=77，P<.0001；CFI=0.580；RMSEA=0.066）和生态模型（χ²=1763.65，df=292，P<.0001；CFI=0.636；RMSEA=0.076）具有良好的拟合度。风险/保护模型显示了应对技能的重要性。然而，生态模型允许检查因素之间的相互连接。同伴暴露于暴力对个体没有直接影响，同伴影响完全由学校氛围中介。此外，家庭因素直接影响同伴的暴露、社区和个体的风险/保护。这些发现对干预和预防工作以及促进积极、有能力和健康的青年发展具有重要意义。虽然已经为青少年开发和评估了一些基于家庭和学校的计划，但它们具有最大的成功潜力。
