Al-Mendalawi Mahmood Dhahir
Department of Paediatrics, Al-Kindy College of Medicine, Baghdad University, Iraq.
Clin Teach. 2010 Sep;7(3):175-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1743-498X.2010.00358.x.
Medical students have a wide spectrum of specialty preferences.
To study specialty preferences of Iraqi medical students and determine the factors controlling them.
A questionnaire survey involved final-year medical students at Al-Kindy College of Medicine, Baghdad University, in April 2008. The questionnaire included data on gender, specialty preference and the reason behind choosing their most preferred single specialty. We statistically analysed the data using the chi-square test and an unpaired Student's t-test.
Clinical specialties were statistically rated higher than basic medical sciences specialties (73.1 vs. 26.9%) (unpaired Student's t-test, p < 0.05). Gender differences were found in clinical specialty preferences (chi-square test, p < 0.001). The most preferred clinical specialties chosen by both genders were internal medicine (29.4%), surgery (25%), paediatrics (25%), and obstetrics and gynaecology (20.6%). Gender differences were also found in basic medical sciences specialty preferences (chi-square, p < 0.05). The most preferred basic medical sciences specialties chosen by both genders were microbiology (32%), pharmacology (24%), pathology (16%), physiology (12%), biochemistry (8%) and anatomy (8%). Personal interest (33.3%) and anticipated higher income (29%) were ranked as the most influencing factors contributing to the choice of specialty in both genders. Other influential factors were ranked at lower rates, and included: prestige (14%), anticipated future mastering of skills and development (10.7%), charismatic role models (7.5%) and family or spousal influence (5.4%). However, no statistical gender differences were noted (chi-square, p > 0.05).
Clinical specialties outnumbered basic medical sciences specialties as specialty preferences. Personal interest and an anticipated higher income were the most influential factors contributing to specialty preference.
医学生有广泛的专业偏好。
研究伊拉克医学生的专业偏好，并确定控制这些偏好的因素。
2008年4月，对巴格达大学金迪医学院的最后一年医学生进行了问卷调查。问卷包括性别、专业偏好以及选择其最偏好的单一专业背后的原因等数据。我们使用卡方检验和未配对的学生t检验对数据进行了统计分析。
临床专业在统计上的评分高于基础医学专业（73.1%对26.9%）（未配对的学生t检验，p<0.05）。在临床专业偏好方面发现了性别差异（卡方检验，p<0.001）。男女最偏好的临床专业都是内科（29.4%）、外科（25%）、儿科（25%）以及妇产科（20.6%）。在基础医学专业偏好方面也发现了性别差异（卡方检验，p<0.05）。男女最偏好的基础医学专业都是微生物学（32%）、药理学（24%）、病理学（16%）、生理学（12%）、生物化学（8%）和解剖学（8%）。个人兴趣（33.3%）和预期较高收入（29%）被列为男女选择专业的最具影响力因素。其他有影响力的因素排名较低，包括：声望（14%）、预期未来技能掌握和发展（10.7%）、有魅力的榜样（7.5%）以及家庭或配偶影响（5.4%）。然而，未发现统计学上的性别差异（卡方检验，p>0.05）。
作为专业偏好，临床专业的数量超过基础医学专业。个人兴趣和预期较高收入是导致专业偏好的最具影响力因素。
