Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
Brain Res. 2011 Mar 16;1379:109-18. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2010.11.094. Epub 2010 Dec 4.
Development and aging are often mirror image processes and this may be equally true in the effects of estradiol, a potent endogenous steroid regulating brain development as well as a therapeutic used to relieve the negative components of perimenopause. Both the developing and perimenopausal brain are characterized by a sensitive period of hormone responsiveness, and in both cases, the neurotransmitters GABA and glutamate, as well as synaptogenesis and cell proliferation are major hormone targets. This review compares and contrasts the effects of estradiol on the developing and aging brain and highlights new avenues of exploration and therapeutic development.
发展和衰老通常是镜像过程,这在雌激素的作用中可能也是如此,雌激素是一种调节大脑发育的强效内源性类固醇,也是一种用于缓解围绝经期负面成分的治疗药物。发育中的大脑和围绝经期的大脑都有一个对激素敏感的时期,在这两种情况下,神经递质 GABA 和谷氨酸,以及突触发生和细胞增殖都是主要的激素靶点。本文比较和对比了雌激素对发育中和衰老大脑的影响,并强调了新的探索和治疗发展途径。