Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Heart and Stroke/Richard Lewar Centre of Cardiovascular Excellence, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Proteomics Clin Appl. 2008 May;2(5):638-53. doi: 10.1002/prca.200780043.
Cells contain a large yet, constant genome, which contains all the coding information necessary to sustain cellular physiology. However, proteins are the end products of genes, and hence dictate the phenotype of cells and tissues. Therefore, proteomics can provide key information for the elucidation of physiological and pathophysiological mechanisms by identifying the protein profile from cells and tissues. The relatively novel techniques used for the study of proteomics thus have the potential to improve diagnostic, prognostic, as well as therapeutic avenues. In this review, we first discuss the benefits of animal models over the use of human samples for the proteomic analysis of human disease. Next, we aim to demonstrate the potential of proteomics in the elucidation of disease mechanisms that may not be possible by other conventional technologies. Following this, we describe the use of proteomics for the analysis of PTM and protein interactions in animal models and their relevance to the study of human disease. Finally, we discuss the development of clinical biomarkers for the early diagnosis of disease via proteomic analysis of animal models. We also discuss the development of standard proteomes and relate how this data will benefit future proteomic research. A comprehensive review of all animal models used in conjunction with proteomics is beyond the scope of this manuscript. Therefore, we aimed to cover a large breadth of topics, which together, demonstrate the potential of proteomics as a powerful tool in biomedical research.
细胞内含有一个庞大而稳定的基因组，其中包含维持细胞生理功能所需的所有编码信息。然而，蛋白质是基因的最终产物，因此决定了细胞和组织的表型。因此，蛋白质组学可以通过鉴定细胞和组织中的蛋白质谱，为阐明生理和病理生理机制提供关键信息。因此，用于蛋白质组学研究的相对新颖技术有可能改善诊断、预后和治疗途径。在这篇综述中，我们首先讨论了动物模型在人类疾病的蛋白质组分析中相对于使用人类样本的优势。接下来，我们旨在展示蛋白质组学在阐明可能无法通过其他常规技术阐明的疾病机制方面的潜力。在此之后，我们描述了蛋白质组学在分析动物模型中的 PTM 和蛋白质相互作用及其与人类疾病研究的相关性方面的应用。最后，我们讨论了通过动物模型的蛋白质组分析来早期诊断疾病的临床生物标志物的开发。我们还讨论了标准蛋白质组的开发，以及该数据将如何有益于未来的蛋白质组学研究。由于本文篇幅所限，无法全面回顾所有与蛋白质组学结合使用的动物模型。因此，我们旨在涵盖广泛的主题，这些主题共同展示了蛋白质组学作为生物医学研究有力工具的潜力。
