Fuiano Nicola, Riario-Sforza Gian Galeazzo, Incorvaia Cristoforo
Servizio di Allergologia pediatrica, ASL Foggia, San Severo.
Recenti Prog Med. 2010 Oct;101(10):406-12.
Eosinophilic disorders of the airways affect the nose and paranasal sinuses, the bronchi and the lungs. Involvement of the nose includes the well known non allergic rhinitis with eosinophilia syndrome and new disorders characterized by co-participation of mast cells and neutrophils. Eosinophilic bronchitis must be distinguished from asthma, on the basis of some functional findings and a different cytokine profile. Eosinophilic pneumonia comprises acute and chronic forms, Churg-Strauss syndrome, hypereosinophilic syndrome, and eosinophilic granuloma, as well as secondary pneumonia such as Loeffler's syndrome.The treatment is mainly based on corticosteroids and the prognosis is variable, depending upon the development of acute respiratory failure (acute eosinophilic pneumonia, eosinophilic granuloma) or of vasculitis with multi-organ organ involvement in Churg-Strauss syndrome.
气道嗜酸性疾病累及鼻和鼻窦、支气管及肺。鼻受累包括众所周知的伴有嗜酸性粒细胞增多综合征的非过敏性鼻炎以及以肥大细胞和中性粒细胞共同参与为特征的新疾病。嗜酸性支气管炎必须根据一些功能检查结果和不同的细胞因子谱与哮喘相鉴别。嗜酸性肺炎包括急性和慢性形式、变应性肉芽肿性血管炎、高嗜酸性粒细胞综合征和嗜酸性肉芽肿，以及继发性肺炎如吕弗勒综合征。治疗主要基于皮质类固醇，预后各不相同，取决于急性呼吸衰竭（急性嗜酸性肺炎、嗜酸性肉芽肿）的发生，或变应性肉芽肿性血管炎中多器官受累的血管炎的发生。
