Campos-Ortega J A, Knust E
Institut für Entwicklungsphysiologie, Universität zu Köln, Federal Republic of Germany.
Eur J Biochem. 1990 May 31;190(1):1-10. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1990.tb15538.x.
In Drosophila melanogaster, the neuroblasts (neural progenitor cells) develop from a special region of the ectoderm, called the neuroectoderm. During early embryonic development, the neuroblasts separate from the remaining cells of the neuroectoderm, which develop as epidermoblasts (epidermal progenitor cells). The separation of these two cell types is the result of cellular interactions. The available data indicate that a signal chain formed by the products of several identified genes regulates the cell's decision to enter either neurogenesis or epidermogenesis. Various kinds of data, in particular from cell transplantation studies and from genetic and molecular analyses, suggest that the proteins encoded by the genes Notch and Delta interact at the membrane of the neuroectodermal cells to provide a regulatory signal. This signal is thought to lead, on the one hand, to epidermal development through the action of the genes of the Enhancer of split complex, a gene complex that encodes several functions related to the transduction and further processing of the signal, including the genetic regulation in the receiving cell; on the other hand, the signal is thought to lead to neural development through the participation of the genes of the achaete-scute complex and daughterless, which are members of a family of DNA-binding regulatory proteins and of the gene vnd whose molecular nature is still unknown.
在黑腹果蝇中，神经母细胞（神经祖细胞）由外胚层的一个特殊区域——神经外胚层发育而来。在胚胎早期发育过程中，神经母细胞与神经外胚层的其余细胞分离，其余细胞发育为表皮母细胞（表皮祖细胞）。这两种细胞类型的分离是细胞间相互作用的结果。现有数据表明，由几个已鉴定基因的产物形成的信号链调节细胞进入神经发生或表皮发生的决定。各种数据，特别是来自细胞移植研究以及遗传和分子分析的数据表明，Notch和Delta基因编码的蛋白质在神经外胚层细胞的膜上相互作用，以提供一种调节信号。一方面，该信号被认为通过分裂增强子复合体基因的作用导致表皮发育，分裂增强子复合体是一个基因复合体，编码与信号转导和进一步加工相关的几种功能，包括接收细胞中的基因调控；另一方面，该信号被认为通过achaete-scute复合体和无女儿基因的参与导致神经发育，achaete-scute复合体和无女儿基因是DNA结合调节蛋白家族的成员，而vnd基因的分子性质仍然未知。
