Department of Biochemistry-IIMHNO, School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Paraguay 2155, 5th, C1121ABG Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2011 Apr 10;336(1-2):63-9. doi: 10.1016/j.mce.2010.11.030. Epub 2010 Dec 9.
The phospho-dephosphorylation of intermediate proteins is a key event in the regulation of steroid biosynthesis. In this regard, it is well accepted that steroidogenic hormones act through the activation of serine/threonine (Ser/Thr) protein kinases. Although many cellular processes can be regulated by a crosstalk between different kinases and phosphatases, the relationship of Ser/Thr phosphorylation and tyrosine (Tyr)-dephosphorylation is a recently explored field in the regulation of steroid synthesis. Indeed in steroidogenic cells, one of the targets of hormone-induced Ser/Thr phosphorylation is a protein tyrosine phosphatase. Whereas protein tyrosine phosphatases were initially regarded as household enzymes with constitutive activity, dephosphorylating all the substrates they encountered, evidence is now accumulating that protein tyrosine phosphatases are tightly regulated by various mechanisms. Here, we will describe the role of protein tyrosine phosphatases in the regulation of steroid biosynthesis, relating them to steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, arachidonic acid metabolism and mitochondrial rearrangement.
中间蛋白的磷酸化-去磷酸化是调节类固醇生物合成的关键事件。在这方面，人们普遍认为，甾体生成激素通过激活丝氨酸/苏氨酸（Ser/Thr）蛋白激酶发挥作用。尽管许多细胞过程可以通过不同激酶和磷酸酶之间的串扰来调节，但 Ser/Thr 磷酸化和酪氨酸（Tyr）去磷酸化的关系是类固醇合成调节中一个最近探索的领域。事实上，在类固醇生成细胞中，激素诱导的 Ser/Thr 磷酸化的一个靶标是蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶。虽然蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶最初被认为是具有组成性活性的家用酶，可去磷酸化它们遇到的所有底物，但现在有证据表明，蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶受到各种机制的严格调节。在这里，我们将描述蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶在调节类固醇生物合成中的作用，将其与甾体生成急性调节蛋白、花生四烯酸代谢和线粒体重排联系起来。
