Dai Zhen-Yu, Li Yue, Lu Min-Peng, Chen Liang, Jiang Dian-Ming
Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PRC.
Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg. 2010 Nov;16(6):503-7.
The Wenchuan earthquake was an enormous devastating disaster and caused mass casualties. The descriptive analysis presented here serves as a reference not only for present injury intervention but also for future earthquake disaster response.
A total of 205 patients with a musculoskeletal injury were admitted in two teaching hospitals. We conducted a retrospective review of medical records to document the injury profile, chief complaints, damage locations and types, subsequent treatment, and prognosis.
Of the 205 patients, fracture was the major type of injury (78.0%). Forty patients were determined to have crush injuries and 19 patients had crush syndromes. Open fractures, multiple fractures and comminuted fractures were common. Fracture-associated neural injuries and trauma-associated infections were also common. Surgical treatments included debridement, bone traction, external fixation, open reduction and internal fixation, and spinal fixation. All the patients were effectively treated with few complications, a low deformity rate and no death.
For emergency conditions after a major earthquake, pre-hospital emergency care is highly important. After the patients are transported to the hospital, we should plan individualized treatment according to the patients' respective clinical features, and at the same time, prevent and cure the related complications in a timely manner in order to reduce mortality and disability rates.
汶川地震是一场巨大的毁灭性灾难，造成了大量人员伤亡。本文所呈现的描述性分析不仅可为当前的损伤干预提供参考，也可为未来的地震灾害应对提供参考。
两家教学医院共收治了205例肌肉骨骼损伤患者。我们对病历进行了回顾性分析，以记录损伤情况、主要症状、损伤部位和类型、后续治疗及预后。
205例患者中，骨折是主要损伤类型（78.0%）。40例患者被确定为挤压伤，19例患者出现挤压综合征。开放性骨折、多发性骨折和粉碎性骨折较为常见。骨折相关神经损伤和创伤相关感染也很常见。手术治疗包括清创、骨牵引、外固定、切开复位内固定和脊柱固定。所有患者均得到有效治疗，并发症少，畸形率低，无死亡病例。
对于大地震后的紧急情况，院前急救至关重要。患者被转运至医院后，应根据患者各自的临床特征制定个体化治疗方案，同时及时预防和治疗相关并发症，以降低死亡率和致残率。
