al-Orainey I O
Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
J Chemother. 1990 Jun;2(3):147-51. doi: 10.1080/1120009x.1990.11739007.
Resistance to antituberculosis drugs is due to the occurrence of resistant mutants in the bacterial population even before exposure to these drugs. These mutations are chromosomal in origin. Resistance occurs when the bacterial population is large or when drugs are used alone. Potent drugs such as rifampicin, isoniazid and streptomycin are effective in preventing emergence of resistance. Resistance to isoniazid and streptomycin was found to have minimal influence on response to short-course chemotherapy. On the other hand rifampicin resistance was associated with a high failure rate. Control of resistance is important to maintain the success of short-course chemotherapy. The restriction of the use of rifampicin to treatment of tuberculosis in combined drug regimens will reduce the occurrence of resistance to this essential drug.
对抗结核药物的耐药性是由于在细菌群体中甚至在接触这些药物之前就出现了耐药突变体。这些突变起源于染色体。当细菌群体数量很大或单独使用药物时就会出现耐药性。利福平、异烟肼和链霉素等强效药物可有效预防耐药性的出现。发现对异烟肼和链霉素的耐药性对短程化疗的反应影响最小。另一方面，利福平耐药性与高失败率相关。控制耐药性对于维持短程化疗的成功很重要。将利福平的使用限制在联合药物治疗方案中治疗结核病，将减少对这种基本药物的耐药性发生。
