Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
Int J Sports Med. 2011 Feb;32(2):75-99. doi: 10.1055/s-0030-1268010. Epub 2010 Dec 16.
The aim of this review was to examine the physiological effects of vibration exercise (VbX), including the cardiovascular indices and to elucidate its potential use for those with compromised health. VbX has long been acknowledged as a potential modality in sport, exercise, and health sectors. Muscle force and power have been shown to increase after VbX for athletes, the aged and those with diseases, where neural factors are thought to be the main contributor. Further, similarities to the tonic vibration reflex have been used to propose that the muscle spindle plays a role in activating the muscle which could benefit those with compromised health. There is strong evidence that acute VbX can enhance upper and lower-body muscle power, and there is some indication that longer-term VbX can augment muscle power of upper and lower body extremities, although this is less convincing. It is not conclusive whether VbX increases force attributes. This has been fraught by the type and parameters used for various muscle contractions, and the different sample populations that have varied in chronological age, experience and training status. VbX provides an insufficient stimulus to enhance cardiovascular indices, where VbX cannot increase heart rate to the same extent as conventional aerobic exercise. But when conventional aerobic exercise is not possible, for example, in aged, cardiovascular compromised persons, VbX could be implemented at an early stage because it could provide a safe induction of a slight elevation of cardiovascular function indices while providing neural and myogenic benefits. In conclusion, VbX is a safe modality to increase physiological responses of reflex and muscle activity, and muscle function, for athletes, the aged and compromised health. However, further research should focus on the optimum dose relationship of frequency, amplitude and duration for the various populations.
本次综述的目的在于检验振动训练（Vibration Exercise，VbX）的生理效应，包括心血管指标，并阐明其在健康受损人群中的潜在应用。长期以来，VbX 一直被认为是运动、锻炼和健康领域的一种潜在方式。运动员、老年人和患有疾病的人在接受 VbX 后，肌肉力量和功率都会增加，人们认为神经因素是主要贡献者。此外，由于类似于紧张性振动反射的相似性，人们提出肌梭在激活肌肉方面发挥作用，这可能对健康受损的人有益。有强有力的证据表明，急性 VbX 可以增强上下肢肌肉力量，并且有一些迹象表明，长期的 VbX 可以增强上下肢的肌肉力量，但这一结论不太令人信服。VbX 是否能增加力量属性尚无定论。这是由于各种肌肉收缩所使用的类型和参数不同，以及不同的样本群体在年龄、经验和训练状况方面存在差异。VbX 提供的刺激不足以增强心血管指标，因为 VbX 不能像传统的有氧运动那样使心率提高到相同的程度。但是，当传统的有氧运动不可行时，例如在老年人或心血管受损的人群中，VbX 可以在早期实施，因为它可以提供一个安全的诱导，使心血管功能指标轻微升高，同时提供神经和肌源性益处。总之，VbX 是一种安全的方式，可以增加运动员、老年人和健康受损人群的反射和肌肉活动以及肌肉功能的生理反应。然而，进一步的研究应该集中在不同人群的频率、振幅和持续时间的最佳剂量关系上。
