Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland21287, USA.
Anesthesiology. 2011 Jan;114(1):205-12. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0b013e3181ee2cb7.
Patients with malignant hyperthermia experience an exaggerated metabolic response when exposed to volatile anesthetic gases and succinylcholine. The minimum concentration of anesthetic gas needed to trigger a malignant hyperthermia crisis in humans is unknown and may remain so because of the inherent risks associated with studying the complex nature of this rare and lethal genetic disorder. The Malignant Hyperthermia Association of the United States provides specific instructions on purging anesthesia machines of volatile agents to reduce the risk of exposure. However, these recommendations were developed from studies of older generation machines. Modern anesthesia workstations are more complex and contain more gas absorbing materials. A review of the literature found the current guidelines inadequate to prepare newer generation workstations, which require more time for purging anesthetic gases, autoclaving or replacement of parts, and modifications to the gas delivery system. Protocols must be developed to prepare newer generation anesthesia machines.
患有恶性高热的患者在接触挥发性麻醉气体和琥珀酰胆碱时会出现代谢过度反应。触发人类恶性高热危机所需的最低麻醉气体浓度尚不清楚，并且可能仍然如此，因为研究这种罕见且致命的遗传疾病的复杂性质存在固有风险。美国恶性高热协会提供了清除麻醉机挥发性药物的具体说明，以降低暴露风险。然而，这些建议是从对旧一代机器的研究中得出的。现代麻醉工作站更加复杂，并且包含更多的气体吸收材料。对文献的回顾发现，目前的指南不足以准备新一代工作站，新一代工作站需要更多的时间来清除麻醉气体、高压灭菌或更换部件，以及对气体输送系统进行修改。必须制定方案来准备新一代麻醉机。
