School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA.
Nat Nanotechnol. 2011 Jan;6(1):51-6. doi: 10.1038/nnano.2010.248. Epub 2010 Dec 19.
Although metallic nanostructures are useful for nanoscale optics, all of their key optical properties are determined by their geometry. This makes it difficult to adjust these properties independently, and can restrict applications. Here we use the absolute intensity of Rayleigh scattering to show that single-walled carbon nanotubes can form ideal optical wires. The spatial distribution of the radiation scattered by the nanotubes is determined by their shape, but the intensity and spectrum of the scattered radiation are determined by exciton dynamics, quantum-dot-like optical resonances and other intrinsic properties. Moreover, the nanotubes display a uniform peak optical conductivity of approximately 8 e(2)/h, which we derive using an exciton model, suggesting universal behaviour similar to that observed in nanotube conductance. We further demonstrate a radiative coupling between two distant nanotubes, with potential applications in metamaterials and optical antennas.
虽然金属纳米结构在纳米光学中很有用，但它们所有的关键光学性质都由其几何形状决定。这使得独立调整这些性质变得困难，并可能限制应用。在这里，我们使用瑞利散射的绝对强度来表明单壁碳纳米管可以形成理想的光学线。纳米管散射的辐射的空间分布由其形状决定，但散射辐射的强度和光谱由激子动力学、类似量子点的光共振和其他内在特性决定。此外，纳米管表现出约 8 e(2)/h 的均匀峰值光电导率，我们使用激子模型得出了这一结果，表明与在纳米管电导中观察到的类似的普遍行为。我们进一步证明了两个遥远的纳米管之间的辐射耦合，这在超材料和光天线中有潜在的应用。
