Mizuguchi Masashi
Department of Developmental Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo.
Nihon Rinsho. 2010 Dec;68(12):2317-21.
In Japan, a revised act on organ transplantation is enforced from July 2010. This act enables an infant or a child with brain death to become a donor for organ transplantation under the consent of his or her family members. New diagnostic criteria have been set for children under six years of age. Diagnosis of brain death in infancy and childhood requires special caution, since an infant's brain has special features. The causes of brain death also vary according to the age. The new criteria exclude from candidates of donor neonates and infants under 12 weeks of corrected age, as well as cases in which the possibility of child abuse cannot be completely denied. The time interval between two diagnostic procedures must be 24 hours or more.
在日本，一项关于器官移植的修订法案于2010年7月开始实施。该法案规定，在其家庭成员同意的情况下，脑死亡的婴幼儿可成为器官移植的供体。针对6岁以下儿童制定了新的诊断标准。由于婴儿的大脑具有特殊特征，因此在婴儿期和儿童期诊断脑死亡需要格外谨慎。脑死亡的原因也因年龄而异。新的标准将矫正年龄不满12周的新生儿和婴儿，以及不能完全排除虐待儿童可能性的情况排除在供体候选人之外。两次诊断程序之间的时间间隔必须为24小时或更长时间。
