Emerson Patrick M, Souza André Portela
Oregon State University and IZA.
Econ Dev Cult Change. 2011;59(2):345-85. doi: 10.1086/657125.
This paper explores the question: is working as a child harmful to an individual in terms of adult outcomes in earnings? Although this is an extremely important question, little is known about the effect of child labor on adult outcomes. Estimations of an instrumental variables earnings model on data from Brazil show that child labor has a large negative impact on adult earnings for male children even when controlling for schooling and that the negative impact of starting to work as a child reverses at around ages 12–14.
从事童工工作对个人成年后的收入状况是否有害？尽管这是一个极其重要的问题，但对于童工劳动对成年后状况的影响却知之甚少。基于巴西数据的工具变量收入模型估计表明，即使在控制了受教育程度的情况下，童工劳动对男性儿童的成年收入仍有很大的负面影响，而且儿童开始工作的负面影响在12至14岁左右会发生逆转。
