Putnick Diane L, Bornstein Marc H
Child and Family Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health Public Health Service.
Int J Educ Dev. 2015 Mar 1;41:112-120. doi: 10.1016/j.ijedudev.2015.02.001.
Achieving universal primary education is one of the Millennium Development Goals. In low- and middle-income developing countries (LMIC), child labor may be a barrier. Few multi-country, controlled studies of the relations between different kinds of child labor and schooling are available. This study employs 186,795 families with 7- to 14-year-old children in 30 LMIC to explore relations of children's work outside the home, family work, and household chores with school enrollment. Significant negative relations emerged between each form of child labor and school enrollment, but relations were more consistent for family work and household chores than work outside the home. All relations were moderated by country and sometimes by gender. These differentiated findings have nuanced policy implications.
实现普及初等教育是千年发展目标之一。在低收入和中等收入发展中国家（LMIC），童工现象可能是一个障碍。关于不同类型童工与上学之间关系的多国对照研究很少。本研究对30个低收入和中等收入发展中国家的186,795个有7至14岁儿童的家庭进行了调查，以探讨儿童外出工作、家庭劳动和家务劳动与入学率之间的关系。每种形式的童工与入学率之间都存在显著的负相关关系，但家庭劳动和家务劳动与入学率之间的关系比外出工作更为一致。所有关系都受到国家的调节，有时也受到性别的调节。这些不同的研究结果具有细微差别，对政策具有启示意义。
