de Araújo Edna Maria, Costa Maria da Conceição Nascimento, de Oliveira Nelson Fernandes, Santana Francisco dos Santos, Barreto Maurício Lima, Hogan Vijaya, de Araújo Tânia Maria
Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil.
Rev Bras Epidemiol. 2010 Dec;13(4):549-60. doi: 10.1590/s1415-790x2010000400001.
In Brazil, deaths by external causes rank first in the mortality statistics. Nevertheless, studies which investigate the relationship between mortality by external causes and race/skin color are scarce.
To evaluate the relative contribution of race/skin color to the spatial distribution of mortality by homicide in Salvador, state of Bahia, Brazil, in the period 1998 - 2003.
This is a spatial aggregate study including secondary data on 5,250 subjects, using a unit of analysis called the "weighting area" (WA). Annual average death rates by homicide were estimated. The Global and Local Moran Index were used to evaluate the presence of spatial autocorrelation and the Conditional Auto Regressive (CAR) model was employed to evaluate the referred effect, using the R statistical package.
Global and Local Moran's I tests were significant. CAR regression showed that the predicted mortality rate increases when there is a growth in the proportion of black males aged between 15 and 49 years. Geometrically weighted regression (GWR) showed a very small variation of the local coefficients for all predictors.
We demonstrated that the interrelation between race, violence and space is a phenomenon which results from a long process of social inequality. Understanding these interactions requires interdisciplinary efforts that contribute to advancement of knowledge that leads to more specific Public Health interventions.
在巴西，外部原因导致的死亡在死亡率统计中位居首位。然而，调查外部原因导致的死亡率与种族/肤色之间关系的研究却很少。
评估1998年至2003年期间，巴西巴伊亚州萨尔瓦多市种族/肤色对凶杀案死亡率空间分布的相对贡献。
这是一项空间汇总研究，使用名为“加权区域”（WA）的分析单位，纳入了5250名受试者的二手数据。估算了凶杀案的年平均死亡率。使用全局和局部莫兰指数评估空间自相关的存在情况，并使用条件自回归（CAR）模型评估上述效应，分析使用R统计软件包。
全局和局部莫兰I检验具有显著性。CAR回归显示，15至49岁黑人男性比例增加时，预测死亡率上升。地理加权回归（GWR）显示，所有预测变量的局部系数变化非常小。
我们证明，种族、暴力和空间之间的相互关系是社会不平等长期过程导致的一种现象。理解这些相互作用需要跨学科努力，以促进知识进步，从而带来更具针对性的公共卫生干预措施。
