Esbérard C E L, Bergallo H G
Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil.
Braz J Biol. 2010 Nov;70(4):1011-4. doi: 10.1590/s1519-69842010000500013.
Sunset and sunrise regulate the activities of most studied bat species. To verify patterns of foraging activity, 29 bat sampling nights were carried out over a dam in Rio de Janeiro city, which resulted in 363 hours with 730 captures, representing 13 species of insectivorous bats. Molossus molossus constituted the bulk of the captures (79.9%) and was present in 82.8% of the sampling nights. This bat species exhibited crepuscular and nocturnal activity (from -6 minutes to 900 minutes after the time of sunset). A bimodal activity pattern was observed, and two non-overlapping capture peaks. The first peak lasted from 6 minutes before sunset to 420 minutes after sunset. The second peak began at 564 minutes after sunset and ended just after sunrise. The first capture peak was observed in 75.9% of the nights, and the second peak in 62.1% of the nights. The time of the first capture exhibited a positive linear relationship with sunset and the time of the last capture, a positive linear relationship with sunrise. The existence of a relationship between night length and the difference between first and last captures of each night shows that M. molossus has longer activity the longer the night, showing a seasonal variation in the activity period.
日落和日出调节着大多数已研究蝙蝠物种的活动。为了验证觅食活动模式，在里约热内卢市的一座大坝上进行了29个蝙蝠采样夜晚，共363小时，捕获730只蝙蝠，代表13种食虫蝙蝠。皱唇犬吻蝠占捕获量的大部分（79.9%），在82.8%的采样夜晚出现。这种蝙蝠表现出晨昏和夜间活动（日落后-6分钟至900分钟）。观察到一种双峰活动模式和两个不重叠的捕获高峰。第一个高峰从日落后6分钟持续到日落后420分钟。第二个高峰在日落后564分钟开始，在日出后不久结束。在75.9%的夜晚观察到第一个捕获高峰，在62.1%的夜晚观察到第二个高峰。第一次捕获时间与日落呈正线性关系，最后一次捕获时间与日出呈正线性关系。夜晚长度与每个夜晚第一次和最后一次捕获之间的差异存在关系，这表明皱唇犬吻蝠夜晚越长活动时间越长，活动期呈现季节性变化。
