Microbial Sciences Division, Agharkar Research Institute, Pune, India.
J Appl Microbiol. 1998 Dec;85 Suppl 1:128S-133S. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1998.tb05291.x.
Phenol is an industrially important compound which has a wide range of applications. Being highly soluble in water, it appears as the major pollutant in waste waters arising from both phenol manufacturing and from industrial units that utilise phenol. Because of its toxicity, bioremediation of phenol is necessary. Since some of the phenol-bearing industrial waste waters are alkaline in nature, use of alkaliphilic bacteria for bioremediation of phenol was investigated. Alkaliphilic bacteria were isolated from sediments of an alkaline lake in Lonar, Dist. Buldhana, Maharashtra State, India, by phenol enrichment at pH 10.0 and phenol concentration of 500 mg/l. The lake (lat. 19°58'45", long. 76°34') is known to be a unique inland saline lake in Asia. It has a circular periphery and diameter of 2 km around the top of the banks and 1.2 km at the bottom. The lake has a high saline level (∼ 2649 mg/l sodium chloride) and a high level of alkalinity (∼ 2605 mg/l calcium carbonate). Alkaliphilic strains of Arthrobacter spp., Bacillus cereus, Citrobacter freundii, Micrococcus agilis and Pseudomonas putida biovar B were capable of removing phenol from waste waters arising from industries manufacturing methyl violet (using phenol as one of the major raw materials) and cumene-phenol. The waste waters from both these units were alkaline in nature (pH ∼ 9.95-10.1) and had a high phenol content (368-660 mg/l). The alkaliphilic bacteria being studied removed 100% of the phenol from the industrial waste waters within 48 h of incubation under shake culture conditions and at an ambient temperature of 28 ± 2 °C. Bioremediation of phenol by alkaliphilic strains of Arthrobacter spp., B. cereus, C. freundii and M. agilis seems to be the first report.
苯酚是一种工业上重要的化合物，具有广泛的应用。由于其高度水溶性，它是苯酚制造和使用苯酚的工业单位产生的废水中的主要污染物。由于其毒性，需要进行苯酚的生物修复。由于一些含苯酚的工业废水呈碱性，因此研究了利用嗜碱性细菌进行苯酚的生物修复。从印度马哈拉施特拉邦布尔丹那区Lonar 的一个碱性湖中沉积物中，通过在 pH 10.0 和 500 mg/L 苯酚浓度下进行苯酚富集，分离出嗜碱性细菌。该湖（纬度 19°58'45"，经度 76°34'）是亚洲唯一的内陆咸水湖。它的圆周和顶部周围的直径为 2 公里，底部为 1.2 公里。该湖的盐度很高（约 2649 mg/L 氯化钠），碱性也很高（约 2605 mg/L 碳酸钙）。节杆菌属、蜡状芽孢杆菌、柠檬酸杆菌、微球菌属和恶臭假单胞菌假单胞菌亚种 B 的嗜碱性菌株能够从生产甲基紫（使用苯酚作为主要原料之一）和异丙基苯酚的工业废水中去除苯酚。这两个单位的废水均呈碱性（pH 约为 9.95-10.1），且苯酚含量很高（368-660 mg/L）。在所研究的嗜碱性细菌中，在 28±2°C 的环境温度下，在摇瓶培养条件下孵育 48 小时内，可将工业废水中的苯酚 100%去除。节杆菌属、蜡状芽孢杆菌、柠檬酸杆菌和微球菌属的嗜碱性菌株对苯酚的生物修复似乎是首次报道。
