Helsinki University of Technology, Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Helsinki, Finland.
J Appl Microbiol. 1998 Dec;85 Suppl 1:178S-185S. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1998.tb05297.x.
A 16-month pilot study in two similar 1200 m water mains was conducted to determine the effects of granular activated carbon (GAC) filtration on drinking water quality in a distribution system. The results demonstrated that despite the higher initial disinfectant residue, the increase in bacteria in the conventionally treated and postozonated water was higher than in the water additionally treated with GAC filtration and u.v.-disinfection. Accordingly, a significant decline in assimilable organic carbon in the postozonated water was observed throughout the main, whereas in the GAC-filtered water this decline was shifted to the GAC filters. In the GAC-filtered water the conversion of ammonia to nitrite and nitrite to nitrate was more intense than in postozonated water. The findings confirm that GAC filtration increases the biological stability of drinking water even when treating cold humic waters in which biodegradation is generally limited by phosphorus. However, it appears that biological treatment favours the slow kinetics of nitrifying bacteria, thus allowing nitrification to occur even under cold water conditions in a distribution system.
在两条类似的 1200 米长供水管中进行了为期 16 个月的试点研究，以确定颗粒活性炭 (GAC) 过滤对配水系统中饮用水水质的影响。结果表明，尽管初始消毒剂残留较高，但常规处理和臭氧后处理水中细菌的增加量高于额外进行 GAC 过滤和紫外线消毒的水。因此，在整个主管道中，观察到臭氧后处理水中可同化有机碳显著下降，而在 GAC 过滤水中，这种下降转移到了 GAC 过滤器中。在 GAC 过滤水中，氨转化为亚硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐转化为硝酸盐的速度比臭氧后处理水中更快。这些发现证实，即使在处理通常受磷限制的生物降解的寒冷腐殖质水时，GAC 过滤也会增加饮用水的生物稳定性。然而，似乎生物处理有利于硝化细菌的缓慢动力学，从而允许即使在配水系统中的冷水条件下也能进行硝化作用。
