Romero Alejandro, Dios Sonia, Bremont Michel, Figueras Antonio, Novoa Beatriz
Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, CSIC, Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain.
Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2011 Mar 15;140(1-2):119-29. doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2010.12.001. Epub 2010 Dec 8.
One of the most important threats to the salmonid aquaculture industry is infection caused by novirhabdoviruses such as infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) or viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV). Using reverse genetics, an avirulent recombinant rIHNV-Gvhsv GFP strain was generated, which was able to replicate as effectively as wild type IHNV in a fish cell line and in macrophages. Although this recombinant virus induced protective responses against IHNV and VHSV, the response did not involve the production of antibodies or modulate the expression of some antiviral genes. To determine the immune mechanisms underlying the protection conferred by the rIHNV-Gvhsv GFP virus, different immune parameters (NO production, respiratory burst activity and the induction of apoptosis) were assessed in the macrophage population. The results obtained in the present work may indicate that the Nv protein could be important in the modulation of NO and ROS production. rIHNV-Gvhsv GFP did not appear to have a clear effect on nitric oxide production or apoptosis. However, an increased respiratory burst activity (with levels induced by the recombinant virus significantly higher than the levels induced by the wild type virus), suggests a stimulation of the macrophage population, which could be related to the protection against virulent viruses.
对鲑科鱼类养殖业最重要的威胁之一是由诺维氏弹状病毒引起的感染，如传染性造血器官坏死病毒（IHNV）或病毒性出血性败血症病毒（VHSV）。利用反向遗传学技术，构建了一种无毒重组rIHNV-Gvhsv GFP毒株，该毒株在鱼类细胞系和巨噬细胞中能够与野生型IHNV一样有效地复制。虽然这种重组病毒诱导了针对IHNV和VHSV的保护性反应，但该反应并不涉及抗体的产生，也未调节某些抗病毒基因的表达。为了确定rIHNV-Gvhsv GFP病毒所赋予的保护作用的免疫机制，对巨噬细胞群体中的不同免疫参数（一氧化氮产生、呼吸爆发活性和凋亡诱导）进行了评估。本研究获得的结果可能表明，Nv蛋白在调节一氧化氮和活性氧的产生方面可能很重要。rIHNV-Gvhsv GFP似乎对一氧化氮的产生或凋亡没有明显影响。然而，呼吸爆发活性增加（重组病毒诱导的水平显著高于野生型病毒诱导的水平），表明巨噬细胞群体受到刺激，这可能与对强毒病毒的保护作用有关。
