KWR Watercycle Research Institute, Groningenhaven 7, 3433 PE Nieuwegein, The Netherlands.
Water Res. 2011 Feb;45(4):1807-17. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2010.11.034. Epub 2010 Dec 4.
Various particle transport mechanisms play a role in the build-up of discoloration potential in drinking water distribution networks. In order to enhance our understanding of and ability to predict this build-up, it is essential to recognize and understand their role. Gravitational settling with drag has primarily been considered in this context. However, since flow in water distribution pipes is nearly always in the turbulent regime, turbulent processes should be considered also. In addition to these, single particle effects and forces may affect radial particle transport. In this work, we present an application of a previously published turbulent particle deposition theory to conditions relevant for drinking water distribution systems. We predict quantitatively under which conditions turbophoresis, including the virtual mass effect, the Saffman lift force, and the Magnus force may contribute significantly to sediment transport in radial direction and compare these results to experimental observations. The contribution of turbophoresis is mostly limited to large particles (>50 μm) in transport mains, and not expected to play a major role in distribution mains. The Saffman lift force may enhance this process to some degree. The Magnus force is not expected to play any significant role in drinking water distribution systems.
各种颗粒迁移机制在饮用水配水网络中色觉形成潜力的积累中发挥作用。为了增强我们对这种积累的理解和预测能力，认识和理解它们的作用至关重要。在这方面，主要考虑了拖曳重力沉降。然而，由于配水管道中的水流几乎总是处于湍流状态，因此也应考虑湍流过程。除了这些，单个颗粒的影响和力可能会影响径向颗粒迁移。在这项工作中，我们应用了先前发表的湍流颗粒沉积理论来预测与饮用水配水系统相关的条件。我们定量预测了在哪些条件下，曳力（包括虚质量效应、萨夫曼升力和马格努斯力）可能会显著促进径向泥沙输送，并将这些结果与实验观察进行比较。曳力的作用主要限于输送总管中的大颗粒（>50μm），预计不会在分配总管中起主要作用。萨夫曼升力可能会在一定程度上增强这一过程。马格努斯力预计在饮用水配水系统中不会发挥任何重要作用。
