Patidar Kalpana A, Parwani Rajkumar, Wanjari Sangeeta
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Modern Dental College and Research Center, Airport Road, Gandhi Nagar, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India.
J Forensic Dent Sci. 2010 Jan;2(1):37-43. doi: 10.4103/0974-2948.71056.
The forensic odontologist strives to utilize the charred human dentition throughout each stage of dental evaluation, and restorations are as unique as fingerprints and their radiographic morphology as well as the types of filling materials are often the main feature for identification. The knowledge of detecting residual restorative material and composition of unrecovered adjacent restoration is a valuable tool-mark in the presumptive identification of the dentition of a burned victim. Gold, silver amalgam, silicate restoration, and so on, have a different resistance to prolonged high temperature, therefore, the identification of burned bodies can be correlated with adequate qualities and quantities of the traces. Most of the dental examination relies heavily on the presence of the restoration as well as the relationship of one dental structure to another. This greatly narrows the research for the final identification that is based on postmortem data.
The purpose of this study is to examine the resistance of teeth and different restorative materials, and the mandible, to variable temperature and duration, for the purpose of identification.
The study was conducted on 72 extracted teeth which were divided into six goups of 12 teeth each based on the type of restorative material. (Group 1 - unrestored teeth, group 2 - teeth restored with Zn(3)(PO(4))(2), group 3 - with silver amalgam, group 4 with glass ionomer cement, group 5 - Ni-Cr-metal crown, group 6 - metal ceramic crown) and two specimens of the mandible. The effect of incineration at 400°C (5 mins, 15 mins, 30 mins) and 1100°C (15 mins) was studied.
Damage to the teeth subjected to variable temperatures and time can be categorized as intact (no damage), scorched (superficially parched and discolored), charred (reduced to carbon by incomplete combustion) and incinerated (burned to ashes).
法医牙科学者在牙齿评估的各个阶段都努力利用烧焦的人类牙列，修复体如同指纹一样独特，其放射影像学形态以及填充材料的类型通常是识别的主要特征。检测残留修复材料以及未找到的相邻修复体的成分的知识，是推定烧伤受害者牙列身份的一项重要工具性标志。金、银汞合金、硅酸盐修复体等对长时间高温具有不同的耐受性，因此，烧焦尸体的身份识别可与痕迹的适当质量和数量相关联。大多数牙科检查严重依赖修复体的存在以及一个牙齿结构与另一个牙齿结构的关系。这极大地缩小了基于死后数据进行最终身份识别的研究范围。
本研究的目的是检查牙齿和不同修复材料以及下颌骨在不同温度和持续时间下的耐受性，以进行身份识别。
该研究对72颗拔除的牙齿进行，根据修复材料类型将其分为六组，每组12颗牙齿。（第1组 - 未修复的牙齿，第2组 - 用磷酸锌修复的牙齿，第3组 - 用银汞合金修复的牙齿，第4组 - 用玻璃离子水门汀修复的牙齿，第5组 - 镍铬金属冠，第6组 - 金属烤瓷冠）以及两个下颌骨标本。研究了在400°C（5分钟、15分钟、30分钟）和1100°C（15分钟）下焚烧的效果。
经受不同温度和时间的牙齿损伤可分为完整（无损伤）、烧焦（表面干燥变色）、炭化（因不完全燃烧而碳化）和焚烧（烧成灰烬）。
