Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2011 May 1;16(3):e400-5. doi: 10.4317/medoral.16.e400.
The platform switching concept involves the reduction of the restoration abutment diameter with respect to the diameter of the dental implant. In 1991, dental implants of 5 and 6 mm diameter platforms were introduced. However, matching-diameter prosthetic abutments were not available. These implants were restored with "standard"-diameter prosthetic components (4.1 mm). Long-term follow up around these wide-platforms showed higher levels of bone preservation. In time, it has been called platform switching. The first case report applying this concept was indexed in MedLine in 2005.
The aim of this article is to carry out a literature review of articles which deal with the influence of this modified platform in hard and soft oral tissues. All papers involving "platform switching" that are indexed in MedLine and published in English were used. Clinical cases, experimental and non-experimental studies were included, as well as literature reviews.
In our search, we found: 16 clinical series or single clinical cases, 10 test and control studies, 9 experimental studies and 3 reviews.
All papers written by different researchers show an improvement in perimplant bone preservation. Further long-term studies are necessary to confirm these results. The articles consulted refer to the biomechanical behavior of the abutment-implant complex in response to occlusal loading, the maintenance of crestal bone height and the peculiar repositioning of the biological space.
平台转换概念涉及到减小修复基台相对于种植体直径的尺寸。1991 年，推出了直径为 5 毫米和 6 毫米平台的牙科种植体。然而，与之匹配的基台直径的修复体并不存在。这些种植体使用“标准”直径的修复体部件（4.1 毫米）进行修复。围绕这些宽平台的长期随访显示出更高水平的骨保留。随着时间的推移，这被称为平台转换。2005 年，在 MedLine 上索引了首例应用该概念的病例报告。
本文的目的是对涉及这种改良平台对口腔软硬组织影响的文献进行综述。使用了在 MedLine 索引并以英文发表的所有涉及“平台转换”的文章。纳入了临床病例、实验和非实验研究以及文献综述。
在我们的搜索中，我们发现：16 项临床系列或单个临床病例、10 项测试和对照研究、9 项实验研究和 3 项综述。
不同研究人员撰写的所有论文都显示出种植体周围骨保存的改善。需要进一步的长期研究来证实这些结果。咨询的文章涉及到基台-种植体复合体在咬合加载下的生物力学行为、牙槽骨高度的维持以及生物间隙的特殊重新定位。
