Department of Psychology, Leeds Metropolitan University, UK.
Br J Educ Psychol. 2011 Sep;81(Pt 3):391-408. doi: 10.1348/2044-8279.002001. Epub 2010 Nov 24.
BACKGROUND. The link between fear of failure and students' antisocial behaviour has received scant research attention despite associations between fear of failure, hostility, and aggression. Also, the effect of sport experience on antisocial behaviour has not been considered outside of the sport context in adult populations. Further, to date, sex differences have not been considered in fear of failure research. AIMS. To examine whether (a) fear of failure and sport experience predict antisocial behaviour in the university and sport contexts in student athletes, and whether this prediction is the same in males and females; and (b) sex differences exist in antisocial behaviour and fear of failure. SAMPLE. British university student athletes (n= 176 male; n= 155 female; M(age) = 20.11 years). METHOD. Participants completed questionnaires assessing fear of failure, sport experience, and antisocial behaviour in both contexts. RESULTS. (a) Fear of failure and sport experience positively predicted antisocial behaviour in university and sport and the strength of these predictions did not differ between males and females; (b) females reported higher levels of fear of devaluing one's self-estimate than males whereas males reported higher levels of fear of important others losing interest than females. Males engaged more frequently than females in antisocial behaviour in both contexts. CONCLUSIONS. Fear of failure and sport experience may be important considerations when trying to understand antisocial behaviour in student athletes in education and sport; moreover, the potential effect of overall fear of failure and of sport experience on this frequency does not differ by sex. The findings make an important contribution to the fear of failure and morality literatures.
尽管失败恐惧与敌意和攻击性之间存在关联，但失败恐惧与学生反社会行为之间的联系却很少受到研究关注。此外，在成年人群体中，除了运动背景之外，还没有考虑到运动经验对反社会行为的影响。此外，迄今为止，在失败恐惧研究中还没有考虑到性别差异。目的：检验（a）失败恐惧和运动经验是否能预测大学生运动员在大学和运动背景下的反社会行为，以及这种预测在男性和女性中是否相同；以及（b）反社会行为和失败恐惧是否存在性别差异。样本：英国大学生运动员（男性 n=176；女性 n=155；M（年龄）=20.11 岁）。方法：参与者完成了评估在两个背景下失败恐惧、运动经验和反社会行为的问卷。结果：（a）失败恐惧和运动经验积极预测了大学和运动背景下的反社会行为，而且这些预测在男性和女性之间没有差异；（b）女性报告的自我评估贬值恐惧水平高于男性，而男性报告的重要他人失去兴趣的恐惧水平高于女性。男性比女性更频繁地在两个背景下从事反社会行为。结论：在试图理解教育和运动中大学生运动员的反社会行为时，失败恐惧和运动经验可能是需要考虑的重要因素；此外，总体失败恐惧和运动经验对这种频率的潜在影响不因性别而异。这些发现为失败恐惧和道德文献做出了重要贡献。
