Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA.
Prog Mol Biol Transl Sci. 2011;98:293-347. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-385506-0.00007-7.
Alcohol abuse and dependence are multifaceted disorders with neurobiological, psychological, and environmental components. Research on other complex neuropsychiatric diseases suggests that genetically influenced intermediate characteristics affect the risk for heavy alcohol consumption and its consequences. Diverse therapeutic interventions can be developed through identification of reliable biomarkers for this disorder and new pharmacological targets for its treatment. Advances in the fields of genomics and proteomics offer a number of possible targets for the development of new therapeutic approaches. This brain-focused review highlights studies identifying neurobiological systems associated with these targets and possible pharmacotherapies, summarizing evidence from clinically relevant animal and human studies, as well as sketching improvements and challenges facing the fields of proteomics and genomics. Concluding thoughts on using results from these profiling technologies for medication development are also presented.
酒精滥用和依赖是一种多方面的障碍，具有神经生物学、心理和环境因素。对其他复杂神经精神疾病的研究表明，受遗传影响的中间特征会影响大量饮酒及其后果的风险。通过确定该疾病的可靠生物标志物和治疗该疾病的新药物靶点，可以开发出各种治疗干预措施。基因组学和蛋白质组学领域的进展为开发新的治疗方法提供了许多可能的靶点。这篇以大脑为重点的综述强调了确定与这些靶点相关的神经生物学系统的研究和可能的药物治疗方法，总结了来自临床相关动物和人类研究的证据，并概述了蛋白质组学和基因组学领域面临的改进和挑战。还提出了关于如何利用这些分析技术的结果来开发药物的思考。
