Gimenes André Martins, de Araujo Aguiar Antonio José, Perri Sílvia Helena Venturoli, de Paula Nogueira Guilherme
Department of Veterinary Surgery and Anaesthesiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
Vet Anaesth Analg. 2011 Jan;38(1):54-62. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-2995.2010.00579.x.
To investigate the cardiorespiratory, nociceptive and endocrine effects of the combination of propofol and remifentanil, in dogs sedated with acepromazine.
Prospective randomized, blinded, cross-over experimental trial.
Twelve healthy adult female cross-breed dogs, mean weight 18.4 ± 2.3 kg.
Dogs were sedated with intravenous (IV) acepromazine (0.05 mg kg(-1) ) followed by induction of anesthesia with IV propofol (5 mg kg(-1) ). Anesthesia was maintained with IV propofol (0.2 mg kg(-1) minute(-1) ) and remifentanil, infused as follows: R1, 0.125 μg kg(-1) minute(-1) ; R2, 0.25 μg kg(-1) minute(-1) ; and R3, 0.5 μg kg(-1) minute(-1) . The same dogs were administered each dose of remifentanil at 1-week intervals. Heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), respiratory rate (f(R) ), end tidal CO(2) (Pe'CO(2) ), arterial hemoglobin O(2) saturation, blood gases, and rectal temperature were measured before induction, and 5, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, and 120 minutes after beginning the infusion. Nociceptive response was investigated by electrical stimulus (50 V, 5 Hz and 10 ms). Blood samples were collected for plasma cortisol measurements. Statistical analysis was performed by anova (p<0.05).
In all treatments, HR decreased during anesthesia with increasing doses of remifentanil, and increased significantly immediately after the end of infusion. MAP remained stable during anesthesia (72-98 mmHg). Antinociception was proportional to the remifentanil infusion dose, and was considered satisfactory only with R2 and R3. Plasma cortisol concentration decreased during anesthesia in all treatments. Recovery was smooth and fast in all dogs.
Infusion of 0.25-0.5 μg kg(-1) minute(-1) remifentanil combined with 0.2 mg kg(-1) minute(-1) propofol produced little effect on arterial blood pressure and led to a good recovery. The analgesia produced was sufficient to control the nociceptive response applied by electrical stimulation, suggesting that it may be appropriate for performing surgery.
研究在使用乙酰丙嗪镇静的犬中，丙泊酚与瑞芬太尼联合应用对心肺、伤害性感受及内分泌的影响。
前瞻性随机、盲法、交叉试验。
12只健康成年雌性杂种犬，平均体重18.4±2.3千克。
犬静脉注射乙酰丙嗪（0.05毫克/千克）进行镇静，随后静脉注射丙泊酚（5毫克/千克）诱导麻醉。麻醉维持采用静脉注射丙泊酚（0.2毫克/千克·分钟）和瑞芬太尼，输注方式如下：R1，0.125微克/千克·分钟；R2，0.25微克/千克·分钟；R3，0.5微克/千克·分钟。每隔1周对同一只犬给予各剂量的瑞芬太尼。在诱导前以及输注开始后5、15、30、45、60、75、90和120分钟测量心率（HR）、平均动脉压（MAP）、呼吸频率（f(R)）、呼气末二氧化碳分压（Pe'CO₂）、动脉血氧饱和度、血气及直肠温度。通过电刺激（50伏、5赫兹和10毫秒）研究伤害性感受反应。采集血样测定血浆皮质醇。采用方差分析进行统计分析（p<0.05）。
在所有治疗中，随着瑞芬太尼剂量增加，麻醉期间HR下降，输注结束后立即显著升高。麻醉期间MAP保持稳定（72 - 98毫米汞柱）。镇痛作用与瑞芬太尼输注剂量成正比，仅R2和R3剂量时镇痛效果令人满意。所有治疗中麻醉期间血浆皮质醇浓度均下降。所有犬恢复平稳且迅速。
输注0.25 - 至0.5微克/千克·分钟的瑞芬太尼联合0.2毫克/千克·分钟的丙泊酚对动脉血压影响较小，并能实现良好恢复。产生的镇痛效果足以控制电刺激引起的伤害性感受反应，表明其可能适用于手术。
