Nowotny B, Schlote-Sautter B, Rey E R
II. Medizinische Klinik, Klinikum Mannheim.
Z Gerontol. 1990 Jul-Aug;23(4):218-25.
Since we face considerable practical problems in the assessment of elderly subjects with self-rating instruments (paper-pencil tests) measuring anxiety and, since we lack norms for the age of 65 and above, we developed a structured inventory (SAIS) for the assessment of anxiety in the elderly. The instrument comprises three components, anxiety normally is expressed in; all have been verified by empirical personality research: the cognitive, the physiological and the behavioural component. In a pilot study, we determined themes of anxiety relevant to elderly people. When the items were developed, we took into account aspects of the typical environment of the elderly and their comprehensive ability. In a reliability study 54 subjects (mean age: 72 years) were investigated. Item analyses showed low to average item difficulties and average selectivity. The split-half-reliability coefficient was rtt = .95; the internal consistency-coefficient was rtt = .91 (Kuder-Richardson). In a factor analysis five factors were extracted. They were interpreted as 'general' anxiety ("allgemeine Angstlichkeit"), as nervousness ("Neigung zu Nervosität"), fear of physical disability ("Furcht vor motorischer Behinderung"), personal insecurity ("persönliche Unsicherheit") and fear of helplessness ("Furcht vor Hilflosigkeit"). Finally, aspects of internal validity are discussed.
由于我们在使用自评工具（纸笔测试）评估老年受试者的焦虑状况时面临诸多实际问题，且缺乏65岁及以上人群的常模，因此我们开发了一种结构化问卷（SAIS）来评估老年人的焦虑。该工具包含焦虑通常表现出的三个成分，所有这些都已通过实证人格研究得到验证：认知成分、生理成分和行为成分。在一项试点研究中，我们确定了与老年人相关的焦虑主题。在编制条目时，我们考虑了老年人的典型环境因素及其综合能力。在一项信度研究中，对54名受试者（平均年龄：72岁）进行了调查。项目分析显示项目难度低至中等，选择性中等。分半信度系数为rtt = 0.95；内部一致性系数为rtt = 0.91（库德-理查森系数）。在一项因素分析中提取了五个因素。它们被解释为“一般”焦虑（“allgemeine Angstlichkeit”）、紧张（“Neigung zu Nervosität”）、对身体残疾的恐惧（“Furcht vor motorischer Behinderung”）、个人不安全感（“persönliche Unsicherheit”）和对无助的恐惧（“Furcht vor Hilflosigkeit”）。最后，讨论了内部效度的相关方面。
