Departamento de Física, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Leganés, Madrid, Spain.
Phys Rev Lett. 2010 Oct 29;105(18):185002. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.185002. Epub 2010 Oct 25.
The threshold electric field for runaway generation has been investigated during runaway suppression experiments by means of electron-cyclotron-resonance heating in the flattop phase of FTU discharges. Runaway suppression has been experimentally found to occur at electric fields substantially larger than those predicted by the relativistic collisional theory of runaway generation, ER=nee3lnΛ/4πε0(2)mec2. These experimental results are consistent with an increase of the critical electric field due to the electron synchrotron radiation losses. No runaway electrons are found in FTU experiments below the radiation threshold. These results support evidence for a new threshold electric field for runaway generation that accounts for the effect of the synchrotron losses, and which should be considered when making predictions on runaway generation and mitigation in devices such as ITER.
在 FTU 放电平顶阶段，通过电子回旋共振加热进行了 runaway 抑制实验，研究了 runaway 产生的阈电场。实验发现，runaway 抑制发生在电场强度远大于相对论碰撞理论预测的电场强度，ER=nee3lnΛ/4πε0(2)mec2。这些实验结果与由于电子同步辐射损失导致临界电场增加一致。在 FTU 实验中，低于辐射阈值时未发现 runaway 电子。这些结果支持了一种新的 runaway 产生阈电场的证据，该阈电场考虑了同步辐射损失的影响，在 ITER 等设备中进行 runaway 产生和缓解预测时应考虑该阈电场。
