Decision Research, 1201 Oak Street, Eugene, OR 97401, USA.
Risk Anal. 2011 Jun;31(6):984-99. doi: 10.1111/j.1539-6924.2010.01557.x. Epub 2011 Jan 13.
A globalizing world increases immigration between nations, raising the question of how acculturation (or its lack) of immigrants and their descendants to host societies affects risk perceptions. A survey of Paterson, New Jersey, residents tested acculturation's associations with attitudes to air pollution and its management, and knowledge of and self-reported behaviors concerning air pollution. Linguistic and temporal proxy measures for acculturation were independent variables along with ethnicity, plus controls for gender, age, education, and income in multivariate analyses. About one-fifth of contrasts between non-Hispanic whites, non-Hispanic blacks, English-interviewed Hispanics, and Spanish-interviewed Hispanics were statistically significant (Bonferroni-corrected) and of medium or higher affect size, with most featuring the Spanish-interviewed Hispanics. Knowledge variables featured the most significant differences. Specifically, Spanish-interviewed Hispanics reported less concern, familiarity with pollution, recognition of high pollution, and vigorous outdoor activity, and greater belief that government overregulates pollution than English-interviewed Hispanics (and than the other two groups on most of these variables too). English-interviewed Hispanics did not differ from non-Hispanic whites, but did on several variables from non-Hispanic blacks. Temporal proxies of acculturation among the foreign-born were far less significant, but concern and familiarity with air pollution increased with time spent in the United States, while belief in overregulation and a positive trend in New Jersey pollution increased with time in the nation of origin. Implications of these acculturation and ethnicity findings for risk perception/communication research and practice are discussed.
全球化世界增加了国家间的移民，引发了一个问题，即移民及其后代融入（或缺乏融入）东道社会如何影响风险认知。对新泽西州帕特森市居民的一项调查测试了文化适应与对空气污染及其管理的态度、对空气污染的了解程度以及自我报告的与空气污染有关的行为之间的关系。文化适应的语言和时间代理指标是自变量，加上种族、性别、年龄、教育程度和收入的控制变量，用于多元分析。在非西班牙裔白种人、非西班牙裔黑种人、英语访谈西班牙裔人和西班牙语访谈西班牙裔人之间，约有五分之一的对比具有统计学意义（经 Bonferroni 校正），且具有中等或更高影响大小，其中大多数是以西班牙语访谈的西班牙裔人为特征。知识变量具有最显著的差异。具体来说，西班牙语访谈的西班牙裔人报告的关注程度、对污染的熟悉程度、对高污染的认识程度以及剧烈的户外活动较少，并且更相信政府对污染的监管过度，而不是英语访谈的西班牙裔人（在这些变量中的大多数上也比其他两个群体更相信政府对污染的监管过度）。英语访谈的西班牙裔人与非西班牙裔白种人没有区别，但在几个变量上与非西班牙裔黑种人有所区别。出生在国外的人的文化适应时间代理指标则不那么重要，但对空气污染的关注和熟悉程度随着在美国的时间增加而增加，而对过度监管的信念以及新泽西州污染的积极趋势随着在原籍国的时间增加而增加。讨论了这些文化适应和种族发现对风险认知/沟通研究和实践的影响。
