Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Fish Developmental Biology of the Education Ministry of China, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China.
J Fish Biol. 2011 Jan;78(1):150-65. doi: 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2010.02848.x. Epub 2010 Dec 14.
Gynogenesis was induced by using UV-irradiated spermatozoa of blunt snout bream Megalobrama amblycephala to activate eggs of common carp Cyprinus carpio. The maternal genome was then duplicated by cold shock in 0 to 4° C cold water to retain the second polar body. Two kinds of fry, normal fry and abnormal tortuous fry, were hatched. Their DNA content was measured by flow cytometry. The normal fry were identified as diploid, representing the successful gynogenesis in C. carpio whereas the abnormal tortuous fry were haploid. Ten microsatellite loci were used to study the genetic diversity among C. carpio, diploid gynogenetic C. carpio and unduplicated haploid tortuous fry. The results indicated that the genetic homozygosity of gynogenetic C. carpio was significantly higher than that of C. carpio. The genetic homozygosity of the haploid C. carpio was intermediate between that of gynogenetic C. carpio and C. carpio. It might be easier for the allogenetic DNA fragments to be integrated into the haploid genome than into diploid gynogenetic genome.
雌核发育是通过用紫外线照射的团头鲂精子来激活鲤鱼卵，然后在 0 到 4°C 的冷水中进行冷休克，以保留第二极体来诱导的。孵出了两种鱼苗，正常鱼苗和异常扭曲鱼苗。通过流式细胞术测量了它们的 DNA 含量。正常鱼苗被鉴定为二倍体，代表鲤鱼成功的雌核发育，而异常扭曲鱼苗为单倍体。使用 10 个微卫星标记研究了鲤鱼、二倍体雌核发育鲤鱼和未复制的单倍体扭曲鱼苗之间的遗传多样性。结果表明，雌核发育鲤鱼的遗传同质性显著高于鲤鱼。单倍体鲤鱼的遗传同质性介于雌核发育鲤鱼和鲤鱼之间。异源 DNA 片段更容易整合到单倍体基因组中，而不是整合到二倍体雌核发育基因组中。
