Department of Pathology and Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
Trends Cardiovasc Med. 1997 Nov;7(8):294-301. doi: 10.1016/S1050-1738(97)00090-X.
Apoptosis plays an important role in development, homeostasis, and disease. Current work has suggested that apoptosis can be evoked by multiple stimuli that, in turn, initiate distinct death pathways. Recently, exciting advances have been made in the understanding of biochemical pathways that regulate apoptotic processes. These pathways contain both evolutionarily conserved elements and components that are dependent on the death stimulus and cell context. Accordingly, this review focuses on the compositions and relative ordering of the apoptotic pathways in four different death paradigms: activation of receptors of the Fas ligand, destruction by cytotoxic T lymphocytes, exposure to DNA damaging agents, and loss of support by neurotrophic factors. These examples illustrate the conservation and divergence in the ways that death pathways are composed and ordered. (Trends Cardiovasc Med 1997;7:294-301). © 1997, Elsevier Science Inc.
细胞凋亡在发育、内稳态和疾病中发挥着重要作用。目前的研究表明，细胞凋亡可以被多种刺激所引发，而这些刺激又会启动不同的死亡途径。最近，人们在理解调节细胞凋亡过程的生化途径方面取得了令人兴奋的进展。这些途径既包含进化上保守的成分，也包含依赖于死亡刺激和细胞环境的成分。因此，本综述重点介绍了四种不同死亡模式中细胞凋亡途径的组成和相对顺序：Fas 配体受体的激活、细胞毒性 T 淋巴细胞的破坏、DNA 损伤剂的暴露以及神经营养因子支持的丧失。这些例子说明了死亡途径的组成和顺序在保守和分歧方面的情况。（趋势心血管医学 1997；7:294-301）。© 1997，Elsevier Science Inc.
