Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Cancer Treat Rev. 2011 Nov;37(7):559-66. doi: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2010.12.001. Epub 2011 Jan 14.
SPARC (a secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine) has a reputation for being potent anti-cancer and anti-obesity molecule. It is one of the first known matricellular protein that modulates interactions between cells and extracellular matrix (ECM) and is associated with the 'balance' of white adipose tissue (WAT) as well as lipogenesis and lipolysis during adipogenesis. Adipogenesis is an indication for the development of obesity and has been related to a wide variety of cancers including breast cancer, endometrial cancer, esophageal cancer, etc. Adipogenesis mainly involves ECM remodeling, changes in cell-ECM interactions, and cytoskeletal rearrangement. SPARC can also prevent hypertrophy of adipocytes and hyperplasia of adipocyte progenitors. In addition to SPARC's inhibitory role in adipogenesis, it has also been known to be involved in cell cycle, cell proliferation, cell invasion, adhesion, migration, angiogenesis and apoptosis. Molecular cancer biology and clinical biochemistry have significantly enhanced our understanding of the mechanisms that motivate the anti-cancer and anti-obesity action of SPARC. Recent studies elucidating the signaling pathways that are activated by SPARC can help develop the beneficial aspects of SPARC for cancer therapy and obesity prevention. This review focuses on the anti-cancer role of SPARC as it pertains to obesity.
富含半胱氨酸的酸性分泌蛋白（SPARC）是一种具有强大抗癌和抗肥胖作用的分子。它是最早被发现的基质细胞蛋白之一，能够调节细胞与细胞外基质（ECM）之间的相互作用，并与白色脂肪组织（WAT）的“平衡”以及脂肪生成和脂肪分解有关。脂肪生成是肥胖发展的一个指标，与包括乳腺癌、子宫内膜癌、食道癌等在内的多种癌症有关。脂肪生成主要涉及细胞外基质的重塑、细胞-细胞外基质相互作用的改变以及细胞骨架的重排。SPARC 还可以防止脂肪细胞肥大和脂肪细胞前体的增生。除了 SPARC 在脂肪生成中的抑制作用外，它还与细胞周期、细胞增殖、细胞侵袭、黏附、迁移、血管生成和细胞凋亡有关。分子癌症生物学和临床生物化学显著提高了我们对驱动 SPARC 抗癌和抗肥胖作用的机制的理解。最近阐明了 SPARC 激活的信号通路的研究可以帮助开发 SPARC 在癌症治疗和肥胖预防中的有益方面。这篇综述重点讨论了与肥胖相关的 SPARC 的抗癌作用。
