Schmuckli Regula, Lipowsky Claudia, Peltomäki Timo
Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Zurich.
Schweiz Monatsschr Zahnmed. 2010;120(11):987-93.
The objective of the study was to determine the current prevalence of supernumerary teeth (PST) in the population of a Swiss community. 3,004 orthopantomograms (OPTs) routinely produced during the annual school dental examinations in the Winterthur municipality from 1990 to 2005 served as the study basis (average age 9.45 years, 1391 girls, 1613 boys, age range 6-15 years). The study found 44 supernumerary teeth, which yields a prevalence of 1.5%. The prevalence among boys was higher than among girls, with 1.1% and 0.4%, respectively. The greatest proportion of supernumerary teeth was found in the maxillary anterior region (38 of 44 teeth, 86%). Based on their position, 33 of these were classified as mesiodens. Five supernumerary teeth had the same shape as a maxillary lateral incisor. In the mandibular anterior region, five supernumerary teeth were shaped the same as the permanent mandibular incisors. 70% of the supernumerary teeth were conical. The prevalence of supernumerary teeth is low (1.5%) and comparable to similar studies in the literature. The majority (86%) of supernumerary teeth are located in the maxillary anterior region. Thus, in the case of retention or delayed eruption, dentists should bear in mind that supernumerary teeth may be the cause.
该研究的目的是确定瑞士某社区人群中多生牙（PST）的当前患病率。1990年至2005年期间在温特图尔市年度学校牙科检查中常规生成的3004张口腔全景片（OPT）作为研究基础（平均年龄9.45岁，女孩1391名，男孩1613名，年龄范围6 - 15岁）。该研究发现44颗多生牙，患病率为1.5%。男孩中的患病率高于女孩，分别为1.1%和0.4%。多生牙比例最高的部位是上颌前部区域（44颗牙中的38颗，86%）。根据其位置，其中33颗被归类为正中牙。5颗多生牙的形状与上颌侧切牙相同。在下颌前部区域，5颗多生牙的形状与恒下颌切牙相同。70%的多生牙呈圆锥形。多生牙的患病率较低（1.5%），与文献中的类似研究相当。大多数（86%）多生牙位于上颌前部区域。因此，在出现滞留或萌出延迟的情况下，牙医应牢记多生牙可能是其原因。
