Department of Process Engineering, Opole University of Technology, Opole, Poland.
J Air Waste Manag Assoc. 2010 Dec;60(12):1487-93.
The neutralization of wastewater treatment residues is an issue for many countries. The European Union (EU) legal regulations have limited the use of the residues in agriculture and implemented a ban for their disposal. Therefore, urgent action should be taken to find solutions for the safe disposal of sewage sludge. The problem refers in particular to the new EU member countries, including Poland, where one can now observe an intensive development of sewage system networks and new sewage treatment plants. At the same time, these countries have few installations for thermal sewage sludge utilization (e.g., there is only one installation of that type in Poland). Simultaneously, there are many coal-fired mechanical stoker-fired boilers in some of these countries. This paper presents suggestions for the production of granulated fuel from sewage sludge and coal slime. Additionally, among others, lime was added to the fuel to decrease the sulfur compounds emission. Results are presented of research on fuel with two average grain diameters (approximately 15 and 35 mm). The fuel with such diameters is adapted to the requirements of the combustion process taking place in a stoker-fired boiler. The research was aimed at identifying the behavior of the burning fuel, with special attention paid to its emission properties (e.g., to the emissions of oxides of nitrogen [NO(x)], sulfur dioxide [SO2], and carbon monoxide [CO], among others). The concentration and emission values were compared with similar results obtained while burning hard coal. The combustion process was carried out in a laboratory stand where realization of the large-scale tests is possible. The laboratory stand used made simulation possible for a wide range of burning processes in mechanical stoker-fired boilers.
污水处理残渣的中和是许多国家面临的问题。欧盟（EU）的法律规定限制了残渣在农业中的使用，并禁止其处置。因此，应采取紧急行动，寻找安全处理污水污泥的解决方案。这个问题尤其涉及到新的欧盟成员国，包括波兰，波兰现在可以观察到污水处理系统网络和新的污水处理厂的密集发展。同时，这些国家几乎没有用于热污水处理污泥利用的设施（例如，波兰只有一个这样的设施）。与此同时，在这些国家中的一些国家，有许多燃煤机械抛煤机炉。本文提出了从污水污泥和煤泥生产粒状燃料的建议。此外，还向燃料中添加了石灰，以减少硫化合物的排放。研究了两种平均粒径（约 15 和 35 毫米）的燃料的结果。这种燃料的粒径适合抛煤机炉中燃烧过程的要求。研究旨在确定燃烧燃料的行为，特别关注其排放特性（例如，氮氧化物[NO(x)]、二氧化硫[SO2]和一氧化碳[CO]等的排放）。浓度和排放值与燃烧硬煤时获得的类似结果进行了比较。燃烧过程在实验室台上进行，在该实验台上可以进行大规模测试的模拟。所使用的实验室台架使机械抛煤机炉中广泛的燃烧过程的模拟成为可能。
